Products Pure citric acid is available in pharmacies and drugstores as an open product. Specialty retailers can order it from Hänseler AG, for example. Structure and properties Citric acid (C6H8O7, Mr = 192.1 g/mol) usually exists as a white, crystalline, and odorless powder and is very soluble in water. In practice, citric acid monohydrate (C6H8O7 … Citric Acid
Products Zinc acetate is used as an excipient in medicinal products. Structure and properties Zinc acetate dihydrate (C4H6O4 – 2 H2O, Mr = 219.5 g/mol) is the zinc salt of acetic acid. It exists as a white crystalline powder with a slight odor of vinegar and is readily soluble in water. Fields of application As … Zinc Acetate
Products Excilor is commercially available in many countries as a dosing pen and, since 2012, also as a solution (Doetsch Grether AG). It is a medical device and not a drug registered with Swissmedic. Ingredients The pen contains acetic acid, ethyl lactate, penetration enhancer, film former, preservative, and water. Effects Excilor penetrates the nail and … Excilor
Symptoms An earwax plug can cause uncomfortable hearing, a feeling of pressure, fullness, ear pain, itching, ringing in the ears, and dizziness. However, symptoms do not necessarily occur. Because it obstructs the view, the earwax plug makes medical diagnosis more difficult, for example, in the case of a suspected middle ear infection. Causes Earwax (cerumen) … Earwax Plug
Definition Carboxylic acids are organic acids with the general structure R-COOH (less commonly: R-CO2H). It is composed of a residue, a carbonyl group, and a hydroxyl group. The functional group is called the carboxy group (carboxyl group). Molecules with two or three carboxy groups are called dicarboxylic acids or tricarboxylic acids. An example of a … Carboxylic Acids
Products Formic acid is available in pharmacies and drugstores in various dilutions. It is also included as an active ingredient in some medicines and in medical products, for example, in liniments and in wart remedies. Structure and properties Formic acid (HCOOH, Mr = 102.1 g/mol) is the simplest carboxylic acid. It consists of a hydrogen … Formic Acid
Products In many countries, only a few ear drops are currently on the market. They are also produced in pharmacies themselves. Structure and properties Ear drops are solutions, emulsions, or suspensions containing one or more active ingredients in liquids suitable for use in the ear canal. These include, for example, water, glycols, glycerol, propylene glycol, … Ear Drops
Products Preservatives can be found in liquid, semi-solid and solid pharmaceuticals. They are also used for food and cosmetics. Structure and properties Preservatives belong to various chemical groups. These include, for example: Acids and their salts Benzoic acid derivatives, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives. Quaternary ammonium compounds Alcohols Phenols Preservatives can be of natural and synthetic origin. … Preservative
Products Sodium picosulfate is commercially available in the form of tablets, soft capsules (pearls), and drops (e.g., Laxoberon, Dulcolax Picosulfate). It has been approved in many countries since 1973. Structure and properties Sodium picosulfate (C18H13NNa2O8S2, Mr= 481.41 g/mol) is structurally closely related to bisacodyl. The difference is that it is esterified with sulfuric acid instead … Sodium Picosulfate
Products Acetic anhydride is available in specialized stores. Structure and properties Acetic anhydride (C4H6O3, Mr = 102.09 g/mol) is the condensation product of two acetic acid molecules. It exists as a colorless liquid with a pungent odor of acetic acid. This is a result of hydrolysis with water: C4H6O3 (acetic anhydride) + H2O (water) 2 … Acetic Anhydride
Definition Esters are organic compounds formed by the reaction of an alcohol or phenol and an acid such as a carboxylic acid. The condensation reaction releases a water molecule. The general formula of esters is: esters can also be formed with thiols (thioesters), with other organic acids, and with inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid … Ester
Products Sodium acetate is found as an excipient in pharmaceuticals, especially in liquid dosage forms such as injectable solutions. It is also added to foods. Structure and properties Sodium acetate is present as sodium acetate trihydrate (C2H3NaO2 – 3 H2O, Mr = 136.1 g/mol) is present, colorless crystals with a slight odor of vinegar, which … Sodium Acetate
