Deoxythymidine is the more common name of 1-(2-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-5-methyluracil. The name thymidine is also in common use. Deoxythymidine is an important component of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). What is deoxythymidine? Deoxythymidine is a nucleoside with the molecular formula C10H14N2O5. A nucleoside is a molecule consisting of what is called a nucleobase and a monosaccharide, pentose. Deoxythymidine was … Deoxythymidine: Function & Diseases
The genotype is the totality of all genes in the cell nucleus. Based on their arrangement, processes in the body are initiated and body compartments such as organs and external characteristics are formed. Moreover, the causes of many diseases are hidden in the genotype. What is the genotype? Genotype genes are located on the 46 … Genotype: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Tetrahydrofolic acid plays an important role in the transfer of carbon as coenzyme F in the organism. It is synthesized from folic acid (vitamin B9). Deficiency of THF triggers, among other things, macrocytic anemia, the form triggered by vitamin B12 deficiency being called pernicious anemia. What is tetrahydrofolic acid? Tetrahydrofolic acid functions as an important … Tetrahydrofolic Acid: Function & Diseases
Endonucleases are enzymes that degrade DNA and RNA without completely cleaving them. The group of endonucleases includes several enzymes, each of which is substrate- and action-specific. What is an endonuclease? Endonucleases are various enzymes that are not unique to humans but are found in all living things. They belong to the superordinate group of nucleases. … Endonuclease: Function & Diseases
Hypoxanthine, along with xanthine, is a breakdown product from purine metabolism. It is further degraded into uric acid. Diseases can occur both when its degradation to uric acid is inhibited and when its recycling via the salvage pathway is impaired. What is hypoxanthine? Hypoxanthine is a purine derivative and is formed during the degradation of … Hypoxanthine: Function & Diseases
Hypoxanthine is a purine envriate and is found in bound form as a nucleobase and in free form, such as in urine. It is equally present in glands and bone marrow. As a deamination product of adenine, hypoxanthine is oxidized to uric acid and xanthine. Less commonly, it forms a backbone of nucleic acids. What … Hypoxanthine-guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase: Function & Diseases
Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism. Purine is necessary for the construction of ribonucleic acid (RNA) as well as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which are found in the body’s cells and carry genetic information. What is uric acid? Purine is ingested with food (e.g., meat) and is therefore nonessential. Uric acid is formed … Uric Acid: Function & Diseases
Definition – What are chromosomes? The genetic material of a cell is stored in the form of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and its bases (adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine). In all eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi) this is present in the cell nucleus in the form of chromosomes. A chromosome consists of a single, coherent DNA … Chromosomes
What functions do the chromosomes have? The chromosome, as the organizational unit of our genetic material, serves primarily to ensure an even distribution of the duplicated genetic material to the daughter cells during cell division. For this purpose, it is worthwhile to take a closer look at the mechanisms of cell division or the cell … What functions do the chromosomes have? | Chromosomes
What is the normal set of chromosomes in humans? Human cells have 22 sex-independent chromosome pairs (autosomes) and two sex chromosomes (gonosomes), so a total of 46 chromosomes make up one set of chromosomes. Autosomes are usually present in pairs. The chromosomes of a pair are similar in shape and sequence of the genes and … What is the normal set of chromosomes in humans? | Chromosomes
What is a chromosomal aberration? The structural chromosomal aberration basically corresponds to the definition of chromosomal mutation (see above). If the amount of genetic material remains the same and is only distributed differently, this is called a balanced aberration. This is often done by translocation, i.e. the transfer of a chromosome segment to another chromosome. … What is a chromosomal aberration? | Chromosomes
What is a chromosome analysis? Chromosomal analysis is a cytogenetic method used to detect numerical or structural chromosomal aberrations. Such an analysis would be used, for example, in cases of immediate suspicion of a chromosomal syndrome, i.e. malformations (dysmorphies) or mental retardation (retardation), but also in infertility, regular miscarriages (abortions) and also certain types of … What is a chromosome analysis? | Chromosomes
