In the middle ear of the human ear, there are three ossicles that are hinged together and transmit the mechanical vibrations of the eardrum to the cochlea in the inner ear. The middle ossicle is called the incus. It receives the vibrations of the hammer and transmits them to the stapes with mechanical amplification. Although … Anvil: Structure, Function & Diseases
The petrous bone is a bone and is part of the human skull. It is located at the base of the skull and is part of the temporal bone (Os temporale). In its pyramid-like basic shape lies the inner ear with the organ of equilibrium and the cochlea. Of clinical importance for the petrous bone … Petrous Bone: Structure, Function & Diseases
Endolymph is a clear potassium-rich lymphoid fluid that fills the cavities of the membranous labyrinth in the inner ear. Separated by the Reissner membrane, the membranous labyrinth is surrounded by the sodium-rich perilymph. For hearing, the different ion concentration between perilymph and endolymph plays a major role, while the mechanical-physical properties (principle of inertia) are … Endolymph: Structure, Function & Diseases
The organ of Corti is located in the inner ear in the cochlea and consists of supporting cells and sensory cells responsible for hearing. When a sound wave excites the hair sensory cells, they trigger an electrical signal in the downstream neuron that travels to the brain via the auditory nerve. Diseases that can affect … Organ of Corti: Structure, Function & Diseases
The Bing test is one of several well-known subjective hearing test procedures that use certain tuning fork tests to detect whether a unilateral sound conduction or sound perception disorder is present when hearing is diminished. The Bing test uses the difference in hearing sensation between bone and airborne sound when the external auditory canal is … Bing Test: Treatment, Effect & Risks
By the tympanic cavity, physicians mean a cavity of the middle ear in which the auditory ossicles are housed. In addition to the hearing process, the tympanic cavity is involved in middle ear ventilation and pressure equalization. Tympanic effusion is the most well-known complaint associated with the tympanic cavity. What is the tympanic cavity? The … Tympanic Cavity: Structure, Function & Diseases
In acoustics, localization is the recognition of the direction from which a sound comes in three-dimensional space and the recognition of the distance of the sound source. Localization is based on directional hearing with both ears (binaural) and distance hearing, which is also possible by hearing with one ear (monaural). Localization is a passive process … Localization: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
In Langenbeck’s noise audiometry, the hearing threshold is determined for different pitches with simultaneous superimposition of the pure tone with a background noise. The audiometric test allows conclusions to be drawn about whether sensorineural damage is present, that is, damage in the sensory system (sensors in the cochlea) and/or in the downstream neural area. The … Noise Audiometry: Treatment, Effect & Risks
The Rydel-Seiffer tuning fork is an (almost) normal tuning fork with fundamental frequencies of 64 and 128 Hz, the natural C and c vibrations, which differ slightly from the concert pitch vibration commonly used today, which is based on the concert pitch a at 440 Hz. The Rydel-Seiffer tuning fork is used to diagnose functional … Rydel-Seiffer Tuning Fork: Applications & Health Benefits
In order for us to hear sounds, a finely tuned interaction of different areas of the inner ear is necessary. In this process, the cochlea is the switching point to the brain. What is the cochlea? The cochlea is the actual hearing organ in the inner ear. It is made up of special hair sensory … Auditory Cochlea: Structure, Function & Diseases
The auditory pathway consists of special-somatosensitive fibers that transmit recorded impulses from the organ of Corti to the primary and secondary auditory cortex of the cerebrum. First instant of the auditory pathway are the sensory cells of the auditory sense, which transform sound into electrical impulses. Hearing loss may be due to impaired conduction within … Auditory Pathway: Structure, Function & Diseases
The auditory nerve is one of the most important nerves, as it is responsible for transmitting acoustic information to the brain. If its function is disturbed – this can happen, for example, due to infections of the inner ear, strong noise or circulatory disorders – the hearing ability of the affected person is reduced. In … Auditory Nerve: Structure, Function & Diseases
