Nutrition tips for people with diabetes: healthy through the day. A healthy diet is not only an essential factor for successful diabetes therapy, but also for sustainable prevention of obesity. First and foremost, it is important to know what effects the individual foods have on the body or on blood glucose levels. Adherence to a … Diet Tips for People with Diabetes
Chewing creates swallowable bites and is much more than reducing the size of food in the mouth. It is the first step in the digestive process and is critical for healthy teeth and an intact gut. What is chewing? Chewing creates swallowable bites and is much more than reducing food in the mouth. It is … Chewing: Function, Task & Diseases
A lipid metabolism disorder occurs when the fat content of the blood exceeds normal levels. This applies to both elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Elevated blood lipid levels lead to cardiovascular disorders in the medium to long term. What is a lipid metabolism disorder? Lipid metabolism disorders (dyslipidemias) refer to shifts in the composition of … Lipid Metabolism Disorder: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Effects Sulfonylureas (ATC A10BB) have antidiabetic, antihyperglycemic, and insulin secretagogue properties. Active Ingredients 1st generation: Tolbutamide, acetohexamide, tolazamide (all off-label). Chlorpropamide (Diabiformin, out of commerce). 2nd generation: Glibenclamide (Daonil, generic). Glibornuride (Glutril, off label). Glipizide (Glibenese, out of trade) Gliclazide (Diamicron /-MR, generic). 3rd generation: Glimepiride (Amaryl, generic). Cf. Diabetes mellitus type 2, glinides
Symptoms The possible acute symptoms of type 1 diabetes include: Thirst (polydipsia) and hunger (polyphagia). Increased urination (polyuria). Visual disturbances Weight loss Fatigue, exhaustion, declining performance. Poor wound healing, infectious diseases. Skin lesions, itching Acute complications: Hyperacidity (ketoacidosis), coma, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. The disease usually manifests in childhood or adolescence and is therefore also called … Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
Products The inhaled human insulin Exubera (Pfizer, powder inhalation) is no longer commercially available. It was withdrawn from the market in 2007 for commercial reasons. In 2014, a new product was approved in the United States; see Inhalable Insulin. Structure and properties Human insulin (C257H383N65O77S6, Mr = 5808 g/mol) is a polypeptide with the structure … Exubera
Products An inhalable insulin preparation containing a rapid-acting human insulin was approved in the United States in 2014 (Afrezza, powder inhalation). The drug has not yet been registered in many countries. Pfizer’s first inhalable insulin Exubera was withdrawn from the market in 2007 for commercial reasons; see Exubera. Structure and properties Human insulin (C257H383N65O77S6, Mr … Inhalable Insulin
Products Liraglutide was approved in many countries in 2009 as a solution for injection in a prefilled pen (Victoza). In 2014, a fixed-dose combination with insulin degludec was released (Xultophy); see IDegLira. In 2016, Saxenda was registered for the treatment of overweight and obesity. Its related successor, semaglutide, unlike liraglutide, only needs to be injected … Liraglutide
Products Empagliflozin is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets. It was approved in the EU, the United States, and many countries in 2014 (Jardiance). Empagliflozin is also combined fixed with metformin (Jardiance Met) as well as with linagliptin (Glyxambi). Trijardy XR is a fixed combination of empagliflozin, linagliptin, and metformin. Structure and properties … Empagliflozin
Products Repaglinide is commercially available in tablet form (NovoNorm, generic). It was approved in many countries in 1999. Structure and properties Repaglinide (C27H36N2O4, Mr = 452.6 g/mol) is a meglitinide and carbamoylmethylbenzoic acid derivative without sulfonylurea structure. It is a white, odorless powder that is practically insoluble in water due to its lipophilicity. In drugs, … Repaglinide
In the context of health and disease, a balanced diet is a crucial factor. The right diet is very important for our own well-being, health and fitness. The way we eat can be changed very quickly – eating healthy is not too difficult at all. What is nutrition? In the context of health and disease, … Nutrition: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Products Gliptins are commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets. Sitagliptin (Januvia) was the first representative to be approved in the United States in 2006. Today, various active ingredients and combination products are commercially available (see below). They are also called dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. Structure and properties Some gliptins have a proline-like structure because … Gliptine
