Products The inhaled human insulin Exubera (Pfizer, powder inhalation) is no longer commercially available. It was withdrawn from the market in 2007 for commercial reasons. In 2014, a new product was approved in the United States; see Inhalable Insulin. Structure and properties Human insulin (C257H383N65O77S6, Mr = 5808 g/mol) is a polypeptide with the structure … Exubera
Products An inhalable insulin preparation containing a rapid-acting human insulin was approved in the United States in 2014 (Afrezza, powder inhalation). The drug has not yet been registered in many countries. Pfizer’s first inhalable insulin Exubera was withdrawn from the market in 2007 for commercial reasons; see Exubera. Structure and properties Human insulin (C257H383N65O77S6, Mr … Inhalable Insulin
Products Insulin degludec is commercially available as a solution for injection (Tresiba). It is also combined fixed with insulin aspart (Ryzodeg, see under IDegAsp). It was newly approved in many countries in March 2013. In 2014, a fixed combination with liraglutide was registered (Xultophy); see under IDegLira. Structure and properties Insulin degludec has essentially the … Insulin Degludec
Products Human insulin is commercially available as an injectable (e.g., Huminsulin, Insuman). Rapid-acting and sustained-release dosage forms exist (e.g., isophane insulin), as well as mixed insulins. Human insulin is produced by biotechnological methods and stored in a refrigerator. It should not be frozen or exposed to high heat. Some preparations can be stored with the … Human Insulin
Products Porcine insulin was commercially available as an injectable (insulin hypurin porcine). It was available as rapid-acting insulin, isophane insulin, and mixed insulin. Porcine insulin is stored in a refrigerator. It should not be frozen or exposed to high heat. Insulin Hypurin Porcine was withdrawn from the market in many countries on October 31, 2015. … Porcine Insulin
Products In many countries, products containing bovine insulin are no longer on the market. Structure and properties Bovine insulin (C254H377N65O75S6, Mr = 5734 g/mol) is a purified natural antidiabetic substance from bovine pancreas. It exists as a white powder that is practically insoluble in water. Bovine insulin differs from human insulin in three amino acids. … Bovine Insulin
