Products Dextrans are commercially available in the form of ophthalmic products. Structure and properties Mixture of polysaccharides. Types: Dextran 1, Dextran 40, Dextran 60 for the preparation of parenterals. Effects Dextran (ATC S01XA20) is a natural macromolecular polysaccharide. It forms a persistent film of moisture on the cornea, thereby counteracting the symptoms of mechanical corneal … Dextrane
Products Olopatadine is commercially available in the form of eye drops (Opatanol). It has been approved in many countries since 2003. Structure and properties Olopatadine (C21H23NO3, Mr = 337.41 g/mol) is present in drugs as olopatadine hydrochloride. It is a dihydrodibenzoxepin derivative with a tricyclic structure. Effects Olopatadine (ATC S01GX09) has antihistamine, antiallergic, and mast … Olopatadine
Products Apraclonidine is commercially available in the form of eye drops (iopidine). It has been approved in many countries since 1995. Structure and properties Apraclonidine (C9H10Cl2N4, Mr = 245.1 g/mol) is an amino derivative of clonidine. It is present in the drug as apraclonidine hydrochloride, a white powder that is highly soluble in water. Effects … Apraclonidine
Symptoms Keratoconjunctivitis epidemica manifests in the acute phase as annular redness, irritation, and swelling of the conjunctiva with itching, photophobia, severe eye tearing, hemorrhage, foreign body sensation, and eyelid swelling. The symptoms start suddenly in one eye and may spread to the other eye within days. The cornea of the eye may also be affected. … Epidemic Conjunctivitis
Products Tafluprost is available in the form of eye drops (saflutane). It was approved in many countries in 2010. In 2016, a fixed combination with timolol was also registered (Taptiqom). Structure and properties Tafluprost (C25H34F2O5, Mr = 452.53 g/mol) is a fluorinated analog of prostaglandin F2α (Figure). It is a prodrug and is converted at … Tafluprost
Products Eye drops containing the active ingredient N-acetylcysteine are no longer commercially available as finished drug products in many countries. They can be prepared in a pharmacy as an extemporaneous preparation. Structure and properties N-acetylcysteine (C5H9NO3, Mr = 163.2 g/mol) is -acetylated derivative of the amino acid cysteine with a free sulfhydryl group. It exists … N-Acetylcysteine Eye Drops
Symptoms Bacterial conjunctivitis usually begins first in one eye and may spread to the second. Whitish-yellow smeary purulent secretions are discharged, causing conglutination and crusting, especially in the morning after sleep. The conjunctiva is reddened and blood may accumulate due to increased blood flow. A foreign body sensation and itching often occur. Other possible symptoms … Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Background The tear film is the outermost connection between the surface of the eye and the environment and is involved in the visual process. It moisturizes, protects and nourishes the eye. It is an aqueous gel containing water, mucins, salts, antibacterial proteins and antibodies, vitamin A, and lipids, among other substances, and is distributed over … Dry Eyes: Causes and Remedies
Products Lifitegrast was approved in the United States in 2016 and in many countries in December 2018 as single-dose eye drops (Xiidra, pronounced Saidra in English). Structure and properties Lifitegrast (C29H24Cl2N2O7S, Mr = 615.5 g/mol) is a tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative. It exists as a white powder that is soluble in water. Effects Lifitegrast (ATC S01XA25) has … Lifitegrast
Definition of dry eyes Dry eyes are usually a disturbance of the tear film. As a result, the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye are incorrectly and insufficiently wetted. Dry eyes are caused by a wetting disorder of the ocular surface. The cause is believed to be an incorrect composition of the tear fluid. Other … Dry eyes
What are the symptoms of dry eyes? Among the symptoms suffered by patients with dry eyes are The intolerance of cosmetics or contact lenses can also be an indication of dry eyes. The eye generally becomes more sensitive, so that even a draft can cause pain. These subjective complaints are perceived differently and unpleasantly by … What are the symptoms of dry eyes? | Dry eyes
What is the prognosis? Dry eyes do not have a high disease value in the strict sense. Therefore, there is no organ damage, life expectancy is not affected, etc. However, after a longer period of time, clouding of the corneal surface may develop, especially if the eye can no longer be closed ( e.g. due … What is the prognosis? | Dry eyes
