Definition Carbamazepine is a drug that is mainly used to treat epilepsy. Carbamazepine has also been shown to be effective in certain forms of pain – particularly so-called neuropathic pain, which is caused by damage to nerve cells – and in mental disorders such as mania, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or borderline personality disorder. This paper, … Carbamazepine
Mechanism of action of carbamazepine As described above, the cause of the seizures is abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. The basis for this is formed by electrically charged particles, so-called ions, which can enter and leave the nerve cells. Carbamazepine works by blocking ion channels, which are the entrances and exits for ions. In … Mechanism of action of carbamazepine | Carbamazepine
Application for mental illness After the discovery of carbamazepine in 1957, in addition to epilepsy, symptoms of mental illness caused by epilepsy were also relieved. In this way, the broad spectrum of effects of carbamazepine became increasingly clear. Typical today is its use in mania. Mania is a disorder which is practically the opposite of … Application for mental illness | Carbamazepine
A concussion, also known as commotio cerebri or traumatic brain injury, is reversible damage to the brain that is most often caused by a blow or accident to the head. What is a concussion? Schematic diagram showing the coup-contre mechanism in traumatic brain injury. Click to enlarge. A concussion is often an injury or damage … Concussion: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
First aid refers to assistance in emergencies by the first person to reach the scene of an accident or emergency. This is not about professional help by rescue services, but about actions that every single person can perform. Since the rescue service can only be on site after a few minutes, first aid is the … First aid
Stable lateral position When a person becomes unconscious, his entire musculature relaxes. This also applies to the muscles of the tongue. If an unconscious person is lying on his back, the base of the tongue falls into the pharynx and can thus prevent breathing. In addition, emergency patients can vomit for various reasons and this … Stable lateral position | First aid
Automatic External Defibrillator Many public buildings now have automatic external defibrillators, or AEDs for short. These are marked with a green and white sign, on which a heart with a flash and a cross can be seen. In the event of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, anyone may remove the AED from its anchorage and use it. The … Automatic External Defibrillator | First aid
Emergency numbers Europe-wide the emergency service can be reached via the number 112. Although there are other telephone numbers in some countries, 112 always leads to fire department control centers in Europe. The police can also receive emergency calls via the 110 numbers and forward them to the fire department. In other vacation countries you … Emergency numbers | First aid
Definition Memory loss, technically known as amnesia (Greek for loss of memory), is a memory disorder in which memories appear to have been erased from memory. Presumably, this is more likely to be an inability to retrieve memory content. Furthermore, a memory loss can also mean that the person affected is unable to learn new … Memory loss
Short-term memory loss A loss of short-term memory is similar to a sudden loss of memory, which limits the storage of new memory content. The affected person can therefore remember things for no longer than about 3 minutes. Therefore, the same questions about situation, place and space are asked again and again, such as “Why … Short-term memory loss | Memory loss
Diagnosis The doctor-patient consultation at the beginning of an examination is essential for the diagnosis and the exact recording of a memory loss (so-called anamnesis). Therefore, the doctor will ask about the duration, concomitant diseases, medication and accompanying circumstances. Observations by relatives are often important. If memory loss occurs during an accident or a fall, … Diagnosis | Memory loss
Duration Depending on the form of amnesia, the duration of the memory disorders varies. In the case of temporary memory loss, the symptoms usually disappear within a few hours and do not last longer than a day. If, however, it is a retrograde amnesia after an accident, for example, in which one does not remember … Duration | Memory loss
