Products Tasimelteon was approved in the United States in 2014 and in the EU in 2015 in capsule form (Hetlioz). The drug is not currently registered in many countries. Structure and properties Tasimelteon (C15H19NO2, Mr = 245.3 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is sparingly soluble in water. It is structurally related to … Tasimelteon
Products Ropivacaine is commercially available as a solution for injection (Naropin, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1997. Structure and properties Ropivacaine (C17H26N2O, Mr = 274.4 g/mol) is present in drugs as ropivacaine hydrochloride monohydrate. It was developed as a pure -enantiomer and belongs to the lipophilic amide-type local anesthetics. Ropivacaine is … Ropivacaine
Products Pirfenidone is commercially available in the form of hard capsules and film-coated tablets (Esbriet). It was approved in Japan in 2008 (Pirespa), in the EU in 2011, in the United States in 2014, and in many countries in 2015. Structure and properties Pirfenidone or 5-methyl-1-phenyl-2-1(H)-pyridone (C12H11NO, Mr = 185.2 g/mol) is a phenylpyridone. It … Pirfenidone
Background Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a neurotransmitter biosynthesized from the amino acid tryptophan by decarboxylation and hydroxylation. It binds to seven different families of the serotonin receptor (5-HT1 to 5-HT7) and elicits central and peripheral effects that affect mood, behavior, sleep-wake cycle, thermoregulation, pain perception, appetite, vomiting, muscles, and nerves, among others. Serotonin is vasoconstrictive … Serotonin Syndrome: Causes and Treatment
Products Ramelteon has been approved in the United States since 2005 in the form of film-coated tablets (Rozerem). The drug is not currently registered in many countries. The EMA had rejected approval in the EU because it judged the evidence of efficacy to be insufficient. Structure and properties Ramelteon (C16H21NO2, Mr = 259.3 g/mol) exists … Ramelteon
Physiological background Itch results from activation of specialized afferent unmyelinated C fibers in the skin. These fibers are anatomically identical to those that conduct pain but differ in function and stimulus transmission to the brain. They contain a number of receptors such as histamine receptors, PAR-2, endothelin receptor, and TRPV1, and mediators such as histamine, … Itch
Products The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are mainly taken in the form of film-coated tablets or capsules. In addition, other dosage forms such as dispersible tablets, melting tablets and drops are available. Zimelidin was the first to be developed in the 1970s and was approved in the early 1980s. Sales had to be discontinued … Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
Many people are plagued by migraines. To treat them effectively is sometimes not so easy in more severe cases. For severe migraines with or without aura, as well as cluster headaches, triptans, derivatives of serotonin, are nowadays preferably used. The lead substance is sumatriptan, but several successor substances are now on the market. These include … Zolmitriptan: Effects, Uses & Risks
