The masticatory muscles consist of four paired muscles that are part of the skeletal musculature and are called musculi masticatorii in medical terminology. They move the lower jaw and enable chewing and grinding movements. What is the masticatory musculature? The masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles belong to the masticatory muscles. They are … Masticatory Muscles: Structure, Function & Diseases
Becker-Kiener type muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease of the muscles. The disease progresses at a slow rate and is gradually associated with increasing weakness of the muscles. Basically, muscular dystrophy type Becker-Kiener occurs relatively rarely. The incidence is about 1:17,000, and the disease occurs primarily in male patients. The initial manifestation of the disease … Becker-Kiener Type Muscular Dystrophy: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Products and ingredients Inhalation solution B is not commercially available as a finished drug in many countries and must be prescribed by a physician as an extemporaneous prescription and prepared in a pharmacy. In practice, different manufacturing prescriptions are used with the pure substances or the solutions. Dospir and Ipramol have a similar composition, but … Inhalation Solution B
The term spasticity or spasticity comes from the Greek and means something like “cramp”. Accordingly, spasticity is a hardening and stiffening of muscles, causing movements to become uncontrollable. What is spasticity? Spasticity or spasticity is not a disease in its own right, but a symptom of a disease or injury to the central nervous system. … Spasticity: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Products Formoterol is commercially available in the form of capsules for inhalation (Foradil) and as a powder inhaler (Oxis). Furthermore, combination products with budesonide (Symbicort Turbuhaler, Vannair Dosieraerosol) and fluticasone propionate are available (Formoterol Dosieraerosol). Formoterol is also combined with beclometasone fixed, see under beclometasone and formoterol (Foster). Furthermore, in 2020, a fixed combination with … Formoterol
Sedation involves administering a sedative and tranquilizing drug to the patient. In this way, anxiety as well as stress reactions can be controlled. Sedation is most commonly used as part of anesthesiologic premedication, in which case it smoothly transitions to general anesthesia. What is sedation? During sedation, the physician administers a sedative to the patient. … Sedation: Treatment, Effects & Risks
Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a slowly progressive disease of motor nerves that results in various deficits. Sensory and autonomic nerves are not involved. The cause is thought to be an autoimmunologic process. What is multifocal motor neuropathy? Multifocal motor neuropathy is characterized by the slow loss of motor nerves. On examination, antibodies to ganglioside … Multifocal Motor Neuropathy: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Spondylolisthesis is a spinal condition in which one or more vertebrae shift in relation to each other (spondylolisthesis), resulting in a loss of stability of the spine. Depending on the extent and progression of the disease (involvement of the nerves, spinal canal stenosis), spondylolisthesis can generally be treated well within the framework of conservative measures. … Spondylolisthesis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
During a cramp in the legs, calf cramp or cramps in the thigh muscles, the muscles contract, harden and remain so for seconds to minutes until the cramp usually resolves itself. The contraction of a muscle is normally necessary for movement. However, if the tension no longer resolves itself, it is a cramp. As a … Cramps in the legs – What helps best?
Calf cramps at night If a cramp in the legs occurs during the night, the associated pain is usually so severe that the person concerned wakes up. These nocturnal muscle cramps usually occur in less athletic people. But even if intensive sports were done during the day, cramps can occur at night. Even pregnant women … Calf cramps at night | Cramps in the legs – What helps best?
Causes In general, cramps in the legs can have various causes. Elderly people are more often affected by cramps in the legs. The reason for this is the usually reduced drinking amount of older people or the unbalanced diet. This disturbs the fluid and mineral balance. In addition, of course, with age the muscles shorten … Causes | Cramps in the legs – What helps best?
Pregnancy The influence of pregnancy leads to changes in hormone balance and metabolism. Especially in the second half of pregnancy there is a high demand for magnesium, which is why nightly calf cramps can often occur, especially in this phase of pregnancy. A magnesium deficiency is the most common cause of calf cramps in pregnant … Pregnancy | Cramps in the legs – What helps best?
