Structure of matter Our earth, nature, all living things, objects, the continents, mountains, oceans and we ourselves are made of chemical elements that are connected in different ways. Life has come into being through the connection of elements. Chemical elements are atoms with the same number of protons in the nucleus. The number is called … Chemical Elements
Definition Amines are organic molecules containing nitrogen (N) atoms bonded to carbon or hydrogen atoms. They are formally derived from ammonia, in which hydrogen atoms have been replaced by carbon atoms. Primary amines: 1 carbon atom Secondary amines: 2 carbon atoms Tertiary amines: 3 carbon atoms The functional group is called the amino group, for … Amines
Definition On the one hand, drugs contain the active ingredients that mediate the pharmacological effects. On the other hand, they consist of excipients, which are used for the production or to support and regulate the drug effect. Placebos, which consist only of excipients and contain no active ingredients, are an exception. Excipients can be of … Auxiliary Materials
Products Carbohydrates (“sugars”) are found in many natural and processed foods, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and dietary supplements. For example, foods containing carbohydrates include pasta, cereals, flour, dough, bread, legumes, potatoes, corn, honey, sweets, fruits, sweet beverages, and dairy products. Structure Carbohydrates are natural products and biomolecules that are usually composed of only carbon (C), hydrogen … Carbohydrates: Role in Diet
Active ingredients Argon Breathing air Carbon dioxide Air for medical use Artificial air for medical use Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) Oxycarbon medizinal (oxygen 95%, carbon dioxide 5%). Oxygen Nitrogen Nitric oxide
Products Ammonia solutions are available from specialty stores (e.g., pharmacies, drugstores, hardware stores) in various concentrations. They are also known as sal ammonia or sal ammonia spirit. Structure and properties Ammonia (NH3) is a colorless gas with a typical pungent and unpleasant odor, which is formed from nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) can be obtained. … Ammonia
Definition The mole (symbol: mol) is the SI unit of quantity of substance. One mole of a substance contains exactly 6.022 140 76 × 1023 elementary units, for example, atoms, molecules, or ions. This number is called the Avogadro number: 6,022 140 76 × 1023. The Avogadro constant (Avogadro constant) NA, on the other hand, … Mol (Amount of Substance)
Definition Alkanes are organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen atoms. They belong to the hydrocarbons and contain only C-C and C-H bonds. Alkanes are not aromatic and saturated. They are referred to as aliphatic compounds. The general formula of acyclic alkanes is C n H 2n+2 . The simplest alkanes are the linear … Alkanes
Products Alkaloids and their derivatives are contained as active ingredients in numerous medicines. They have been used medicinally for thousands of years, such as opium with morphine or coca leaves with cocaine. In 1805, a pure alkaloid was extracted for the first time by the German pharmacist Friedrich Sertürner with morphine. Structure and properties Alkaloids … Alkaloids
Products Serotonin receptor antagonists are commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets, melting tablets, soft capsules, as syrups, and as infusion/injection preparations. This article refers to the setrone (5-HT3 receptor antagonists), which are used as antiemetics. The first agent from this group to be approved in the United States was ondansetron (Zofran) in 1991, … Serotonin Antagonists (Setrone)
Products Pure monosaccharides are available in specialty stores, such as pharmacies and drugstores. The best-known monosaccharides include glucose (grape sugar), fructose (fruit sugar) and galactose (mucilage sugar). Structure and properties Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates (“sugars”), consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms. The organic compounds have the general formula Cn(H2O)n. There … Monosaccharides
Products Nitrogen is commercially available as a compressed gas in pressurized cylinders and as a liquid in cryogenic containers, among other products. Structure and properties Nitrogen (N, atomic mass: 14.0 u) is a colorless and odorless gas that is present in over 78% of air. It is a chemical element with atomic number 7 and … Nitrogen
