Symptoms Melanomas are discolored, growing, skin lesions that arise from pigmented moles in about 30% of cases. They are found primarily on the skin, but can occur anywhere melanocytes are found, including the oral mucosa, respiratory tract, or eye, for example. In men they are most common on the upper body, in women on the … Melanoma Causes and Treatment
Products The first therapeutic monoclonal antibody was approved in 1986. Muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3) binds to the CD3 receptor on T cells and has been used in transplantation medicine. Numerous drugs containing antibodies are now available. A selection of active substances can be found at the end of this article. These are expensive drugs. For example, … Monoclonal Antibodies
Products Nivolumab was approved in the United States in 2014 and in the in many countries and the EU in 2015 as a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Opdivo). Structure and properties Nivolumab is a human monoclonal antibody. It is an IgG4κ-immunoglobulin with a molecular mass of 146 kDa. Nivolumab is produced … Nivolumab
Products Cemiplimab was approved in the United States in 2018, in the EU in 2019, and in many countries in 2020 as a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Libtayo). Structure and properties Cemiplimab is a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody with a molecular mass of 146 kDa produced by biotechnological methods. Effects Cemiplimab … Cemiplimab
Products Durvalumab was approved as an infusion product in the United States in 2017 and in many countries and the EU in 2018 (Imfinzi). Structure and properties Durvalumab is a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody. It is produced by biotechnological methods. Effects Durvalumab (ATC L01XC28) has selective immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. The effects are due to … Durvalumab
Products Atezolizumab was approved as an infusion product in the United States in 2016 and in the EU and many countries in 2017 (Tecentriq). Structure and properties Atezolizumab is a humanized IgG1κ monoclonal antibody with a molecular mass of 145 kDa. Effects Atezolizumab (ATC L01XC32) has immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. The effects are due to … Atezolizumab
Symptoms Lung cancer may initially be asymptomatic. It is often discovered only when it is no longer curable. Possible typical symptoms include a chronic cough, coughing up blood, difficulty breathing, recurrent colds, chest pain, and weakness, fatigue, lack of appetite, and weight loss. If spread further, additional symptoms include hoarseness, noises when breathing, and difficulty … Lung Cancer Causes and Treatment
Products Avelumab was approved in the United States, the EU, and many countries in 2017 as a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Bavencio). Structure and properties Avelumab is a human IgG1λ monoclonal antibody against programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) with a molecular weight of 147 kDa. It is produced by biotechnological … Avelumab
