Definition Peroxides are organic or inorganic compounds with the general chemical structure R1-O-O-R2. The simplest and best known representative is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2): H-O-O-H. Peroxides can also form the peroxide anion O22−, for example, lithium peroxide: Li2O2. Nomenclature The trivial names of peroxides are often formed with the suffix -peroxide or the prefix Per-. Representative … Peroxides
Products Carbohydrates (“sugars”) are found in many natural and processed foods, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and dietary supplements. For example, foods containing carbohydrates include pasta, cereals, flour, dough, bread, legumes, potatoes, corn, honey, sweets, fruits, sweet beverages, and dairy products. Structure Carbohydrates are natural products and biomolecules that are usually composed of only carbon (C), hydrogen … Carbohydrates: Role in Diet
Products Carbon dioxide is commercially available in compressed gas cylinders liquefied and as dry ice, among other products. The various products differ in purity. Carbon dioxide is also monographed in the pharmacopoeia. It is available, for example, in grocery stores for making your own sparkling water. Structure Carbon dioxide (CO 2 , O=C=O, M r … Carbon Dioxide
Products Macrogol 4000 has been approved in many countries since 1987 as granules in combination with salts for bowel emptying and treatment of constipation (e.g., Isocolan). In 2013, a monopreparation that does not contain electrolytes was approved in many countries for the first time (Laxipeg). It is also available without flavoring (pure macrogol). The pure … Macrogol 4000
Definition The mole (symbol: mol) is the SI unit of quantity of substance. One mole of a substance contains exactly 6.022 140 76 × 1023 elementary units, for example, atoms, molecules, or ions. This number is called the Avogadro number: 6,022 140 76 × 1023. The Avogadro constant (Avogadro constant) NA, on the other hand, … Mol (Amount of Substance)
Definition Ethers are organic molecules with the general structure R1-O-R2, where R1 and R2 are identical for symmetrical ethers. The radicals can be aliphatic or aromatic. Cyclic ethers exist, such as tetrahydrofuran (THF). Ethers can be prepared using, for example, Williamson’s synthesis: R1-X + R2-O–Na+ R1-O-R2 + NaX X stands for halogens Nomenclature Trivial names … Ether
Products Pure monosaccharides are available in specialty stores, such as pharmacies and drugstores. The best-known monosaccharides include glucose (grape sugar), fructose (fruit sugar) and galactose (mucilage sugar). Structure and properties Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates (“sugars”), consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms. The organic compounds have the general formula Cn(H2O)n. There … Monosaccharides
