Products Alkaloids and their derivatives are contained as active ingredients in numerous medicines. They have been used medicinally for thousands of years, such as opium with morphine or coca leaves with cocaine. In 1805, a pure alkaloid was extracted for the first time by the German pharmacist Friedrich Sertürner with morphine. Structure and properties Alkaloids … Alkaloids
Products Parasympatholytics are commercially available, for example, in the form of tablets, capsules, solutions, as inhalation preparations, injection solutions, and eye drops. This article refers to antagonists at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Antagonists at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, such as ganglion blockers, are discussed separately. Structure and properties Many parasympatholytics are structurally derived from atropine, a natural … Parasympatholytics
Products Spasmolytics are commercially available in the form of tablets, suppositories, and injectables, among others. In many countries, scopolamine butylbromide is among the best-known representatives. Structure and properties Spasmolytics are often derived from the tropane alkaloids atropine and scopolamine from nightshade plants or from the benzylisoquinoline papaverine from the opium poppy. Effects Spasmolytics have spasmolytic … Spasmolytics
Stem plant Solanaceae, black henbane. Medicinal drug Hyoscyami folium – hyoscyamus leaves Hyoscyami herba recens – Fresh henbane Preparations Hyoscyami maceratum oleosum Hyoscyami oleum Hyoscyami tinctura Ingredients Tropane alkaloids: atropine, L-hyoscyamine, as in datura higher content of scopolamine than in belladonna. Effects Indications As an anticholinergic in colds, in spasms in the gastrointestinal tract. Contained … Black Henbane
Symptoms Nausea is an unpleasant and painless sensation that can lead to vomiting. Vomiting is an autonomic response of the body in which the stomach contents are expelled through the mouth with contraction of the muscles. Its primary purpose is to protect the body from toxic and inedible foods and harmful substances. Nausea may be … Nausea and Vomiting
Symptoms The possible symptoms and consequences of datura poisoning include: Dry mouth, dry skin and mucous membranes, thirst, difficulty speaking and swallowing. Dilation of the pupils Visual disturbances, sensitivity to light Urinary retention, constipation, nausea and vomiting. Feeling of heat, increased temperature, flush Rapid pulse, palpitations, low blood pressure. Movement disorders, rapid breathing rate Hallucinations … Datura Poisoning
Definition Eye drops are sterile, aqueous or oily solutions or suspensions of one or more active ingredients for dropwise application to the eye. They may contain excipients. Aqueous preparations in multi-dose containers must contain a suitable preservative if the preparation is not itself sufficiently antimicrobial. Eye drops without preservatives must be marketed in single-dose containers. … Eye Drops for Dry, Red, Pink or Itchy Eyes
