Products Clopamide was commercially available in tablet form and exclusively in combination with other agents (Brinerdin, Viskaldix, off label). Structure and properties Clopamide (C14H20ClN3O3S, Mr = 345.8 g/mol) is a sulfonamide derivative. Effects Clopamide (ATC C03BA03) has diuretic and antihypertensive properties. It promotes excretion of water and sodium by inhibiting reabsorption. Indications In combination preparations: … Clopamide
Products Sodium is present in active ingredients and excipients in many pharmaceuticals. In English, it is referred to as sodium, but abbreviated as Na, as in German. Structure and properties Sodium (Na, atomic mass: 22.989 g/mol) is a chemical element from the group of alkali metals with atomic number 11. It exists elementally as a … Sodium Health Benefits
Products Sodium benzoate is used as an excipient in pharmaceuticals, mainly in liquid dosage forms. It is also used in food and cosmetics. Structure and properties Sodium benzoate (C7H5NaO2, Mr = 144.1 g/mol) exists as a white, weakly hygroscopic, crystalline or granular powder or as a leaflet and is readily soluble in water. It is … Sodium Benzoate
Products Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (methylparaben) is present in many drugs as an excipient, especially in liquid and semisolid dosage forms. Structure and properties Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (C8H8O3, Mr = 152.1 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is very sparingly soluble in water (about 1.8 g per liter at 20°C). The melting point is about 125°C. … Methyl 4-Hydroxybenzoate
Products Chlorine gas is available from specialty retailers as a liquid in compressed gas cylinders. Structure and properties Chlorine (Cl, 35.45 u) is a chemical element with atomic number 17 that belongs to the halogens and nonmetals and exists as a yellow-green gas with a strong and irritating odor. Molecularly, it is diatomic (Cl2 resp. … Chlorine
Products Water is commercially available in different qualities. Water for pharmaceutical purposes is available in pharmacies, for example, the purified water (see there). It is produced in pharmacies or ordered from specialized suppliers. Structure Pure water (H2O, Mr = 18.015 g/mol) exists as a clear, colorless liquid without odor or taste. It is an inorganic … Water
Products Calcium is commercially available in numerous drug products as a monopreparation, a fixed combination with vitamin D (usually cholecalciferol), and other vitamins and minerals. The most commonly used dosage forms include chewable, lozenge, meltable and effervescent tablets. Film-coated tablets that can be swallowed whole have also been available for some time. Structure and properties … Calcium Health Effects
What is thirst, how does thirst arise and what is the significance of thirst for humans? Already in Greek mythology, thirst is considered one of the most severe torments. For example, the furious Zeus imposed on his son Tantalus the punishment of thirsting and starving because he had betrayed divine secrets. Tantalus stood up to … Thirst: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Structure and properties Many active pharmaceutical ingredients are present in the drug as organic salts. This means that the active ingredient is ionized and its charge is neutralized by a counterion (English ). For example, naproxen is present in the over-the-counter pain reliever as a sodium salt. In this form, it is referred to as … Active Ingredient Salts
This page deals with the interpretation of blood values that can be obtained from a blood test Synonyms in a broader sense Hypernatremia Hypernatremia Common salt NaCl Function Sodium belongs to the vital electrolytes (salts). Many important metabolic processes are regulated by sodium. Sodium forms a pair of antagonists in our body with potassium. While … Sodium
Blood value reduction A reduction of the sodium concentration in plasma or serum below 135 mmol/l is medically called hyponatremia. Usually sodium concentrations of less than 130 mmol/l cause symptoms. Symptoms are particularly common when the sodium level drops particularly rapidly. If it falls slowly, the body can adapt to the new sodium levels. Causes … Blood value reduction | Sodium
Introduction Dehydration describes a lack of fluid in the body. Particularly in older people it is often caused by insufficient drinking quantities, but dehydration in children is also not uncommon due to frequent gastrointestinal infections and fever. The lack of fluid can also lead to electrolyte disorders and in the worst case to dehydration of … Dehydration
