triptans

Serotonin Syndrome: Causes and Treatment

Background Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a neurotransmitter biosynthesized from the amino acid tryptophan by decarboxylation and hydroxylation. It binds to seven different families of the serotonin receptor (5-HT1 to 5-HT7) and elicits central and peripheral effects that affect mood, behavior, sleep-wake cycle, thermoregulation, pain perception, appetite, vomiting, muscles, and nerves, among others. Serotonin is vasoconstrictive … Serotonin Syndrome: Causes and Treatment

Ubrogepant

Products Ubrogepant was approved in the United States in 2019 in tablet form (Ubrelvy). Structure and properties Ubrogepant (C29H26F3N5O3, Mr = 549.6 g/mol) exists as a white powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Ubrogepant has analgesic properties and is effective against other symptoms of migraine such as photophobia (sensitivity to light), phonophobia (sensitivity … Ubrogepant

Galcanezumab

Products Galcanezumab was approved in the United States and EU in 2018 and in many countries in 2019 as a solution for injection in a prefilled pen and a prefilled syringe (Emgality, Eli Lilly). Structure and properties Galcanezumab is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody with a molecular mass of 147 kDa against CGRP. It is … Galcanezumab

Fremanezumab

Products Fremanezumab was approved in the United States in 2018 and in the EU and Switzerland in 2019 as a solution for injection for subcutaneous use (Ajovy). Structure and properties Fremanezumab is a humanized IgG2Δa/kappa monoclonal antibody directed against CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide). The antibody is produced by biotechnological methods, consists of 1324 amino acids, … Fremanezumab

Naratriptan: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses

Products Naratriptan is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Naramig). It has been approved in many countries since 1997. Structure and properties Naratriptan (C17H25N3O2S, Mr = 335.5 g/mol) is structurally related to serotonin and is an indole and piperidine derivative. It is present in drugs as naratriptan hydrochloride, a white to slightly yellowish … Naratriptan: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses

Migraine Attack

Definition – What is a migraine attack? A migraine attack describes the acute occurrence of symptoms of the migraine disorder and is often referred to as a migraine attack. The attack is often preceded by what is known as an aura, which is a series of premonitory symptoms, such as flashes of light in front … Migraine Attack

I recognize a migraine attack by these symptoms | Migraine Attack

I recognize a migraine attack by these symptoms A migraine attack usually has quite characteristic symptoms, which can vary in severity among those affected. Very often a so-called aura, i.e. symptoms that are considered to be harbingers of the attack, occurs before the actual attack begins. These include seeing flashes of lightning or circles, more … I recognize a migraine attack by these symptoms | Migraine Attack

Duration | Migraine Attack

Duration The duration of a migraine attack can vary greatly among those affected. Usually the minimum duration of an attack is about 4 hours. For some people, however, the migraine attack can last up to 72 hours, i.e. a whole three days, during which time the affected person is hardly able to go about their … Duration | Migraine Attack