Definition A decrease in the number of platelets due to the administration of heparin is called heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). A distinction is made between two forms, the non-immunological form (HIT type I) and the antibody induced form (HIT type II). Introduction The word thrombocytopenia refers to a deficiency of thrombocytes, i.e. blood platelets. The word … Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Causes Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia are either formed as a non-immunological, harmless early form (type I) or are based on the formation of antibodies against platelet factor 4/heparin complex (type II). These cause the blood to clump together and the platelets are, so to speak, “caught away” or “trapped”, they can no longer perform their natural function.Unfractionated … Causes | Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Therapy The most important step in therapy is the immediate discontinuation of heparin if type II HIT is suspected. Also all other drugs containing heparin must not be used any further to prevent possible complications. These include ointments or catheter irrigations containing heparin. The anticoagulant therapy must be changed to non-heparin-based substances in order to … Therapy | Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Synonyms in a broader sense Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) Phlebothrombosis Venous thrombosis Pelvic vein thrombosis Venous thrombosis Blood Clot Leg vein thrombosis Lower leg thrombosis Economy class syndrome Tourist Class Syndrome Airplane thrombosis Definition Thrombosis A thrombosis is the clotting of blood (formation of a clot) in the blood vessel system, which leads to a … Thrombosis
CausesRisk factors There are many risk factors that increase the risk of thrombosis. It is the combination of different risk factors that increases the risk in particular. As safe factors of risk are considered: Operations (especially artificial hip joint and artificial knee joint) Overweight Smoking Gender (Women > Men) Lack of exercise (long-distance flights= economy … CausesRisk factors | Thrombosis
Diagnosis There are two ways to diagnose thrombosis safely. In addition to the symptoms that indicate a thrombosis, there are device-supported possibilities of Doppler sonography (ultrasound sonography) can be used to display the flow velocity in the vascular system. If a venous thrombosis is present, an interruption in the blood flow is detected. The ultrasound … Diagnosis | Thrombosis
Complications The most feared complication is pulmonary embolism. If the blood clot (thrombus) adheres only very loosely to the vessel wall, it may come loose. The thrombus now floats with the blood flow back to the heart and then to the lungs. The pulmonary arteries become increasingly narrow. The blood clot clogs the vessel and … Complications | Thrombosis
Thrombosis in the eye A thrombosis in the eye is also possible. In this case, the thrombus forms in a vein that supplies the retina and therefore leads to impaired vision. A quick therapy is important in order to be able to reverse the possible damage. Thrombosis in pregnancy During pregnancy the risk of thrombosis … Thrombosis in the eye | Thrombosis
Thrombosis and pill There are numerous factors that increase the risk of developing thrombosis. Especially the combination of different risk factors increases the risk. An important and frequent risk factor for women is the use of oral contraception, the so-called pill. Oral contraceptives are drugs taken mainly to prevent pregnancy and contain two active ingredients, … Thrombosis and pill | Thrombosis
The measures depend on the risk profile of developing a thrombosis and on the willingness of the affected person to cooperate (compliance). Note General information on the topic of thrombosis prophylaxis can be found on the homepage on the topic: Thrombosis prophylaxis Mobilization A significant risk factor for the development of a blood clot is … Measures of thrombosis prophylaxis
Antithrombosis stockings The antithrombosis stockings (ATS or also MTS) are mainly used clinically for postoperative thrombosis prophylaxis. They belong to compression class 1 and exert a pressure of about 20 mmHg. It is also important to select the correct size. For this purpose, the leg length and the thickest points on the thigh and calf … Antithrombosis stockings | Measures of thrombosis prophylaxis
The following drugs are used for thrombosis prophylaxis: Heparin Pentasaccharide Fondaparinux (Arixtra®) Acetylsalicylic acid Oral anticoagulants Thrombin inhibitors Note General information on the topic of thrombosis prophylaxis can be found on the homepage on the topic: Thrombosis prophylaxis Heparins The first large group of anticoagulant drugs for the prevention of thromboembolism are heparins. They are … Drug-induced thrombosis prophylaxis
