to overview Vitamins
Occurrence and structure
Pantothenic acid occurs both in animal and in vegetable products, particularly plentifully in yolk, liver and kidney. In addition it is formed by our intestine bacteria. It is developed from beta Alanin and Pantoinsäure.
Further Vitamin B5 is contained in: Nuts, rice, fruit, vegetables and brewer’s yeast. Its most important function is as a component of coenzyme A, which consists of pantothenic acid, cysteine and ATP. Coenzyme A serves many substrates for activation, as it contains an energy-rich thiol (SH) group. For example, fatty acids are activated (acyl-CoA) or acetate is activated to acetyl-CoA, which is a key substrate of the entire metabolism.
Symptoms of deficiency
They are very rare, since pantothenic acid is very common. If they are present, the fat metabolism, protein synthesis and the nervous system are primarily affected, since the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced from acetyl-CoA and choline. Water-soluble (hydrophilic) vitamins: Fat-soluble (hydrophobic) vitamins:
- Vitamin B1 – thiamine
- Vitamin B2 – Riboflavin
- Vitamin B3 – Niacin
- Vitamin B5 – pantothenic acid
- Vitamin B6 – PyridoxalPyridoxinPyridoxamine
- Vitamin B7 – biotin
- Vitamin B9 – folic acid
- Vitamin B12 – cobalamin
- Vitamin A – Retinol
- Vitamin C – Ascorbic acid
- Vitamin D – Calcitriol
- Vitamin E – tocopherol
- Vitamin K – PhylloquinoneMenachinone
