The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by Zika virus infection:
Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99).
- Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita – contractures of muscles leading to deformities of joints; most commonly affecting the extremities and especially the feet (common: clubfoot)
- Lissencephaly (severe malformation of the brain).
- Microcephaly (abnormal dwarfism of the head), resulting in mental retardation and severe neurological disorders (occurrence esp. in infection in the first trimester / third trimester); Zika viruses including genome were detected in the fetal brain; Zika viruses could now also be detected in the amniotic fluidIn women infected in the third trimester, it has so far not occurred in a single case of microcephaly
Eyes and eye appendages (H00-H59).
- Retinal (retina) pigment loosening and narrowly circumscribed chorioretinal atrophy (serious damage to vision).
Circulatory System (I00-I99)
- Cardiac arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardia, or ventricular dysfunction) of infected individuals – cardiac arrhythmias and other cardiac damage (heart failure/heart failure) were detected in nine previously heart-healthy adults infected with Zika virus
Psyche – Nervous System (F00-F99; G00-G99).
- Acute myelitis (inflammation of the spinal cord or bone marrow) with left-sided hemiparesis (incomplete paralysis of one half of the body), sensory deficits, and paresthesias (sensory deficits); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed lesions of the spinal cord at the level of the neck and thorax; genetic testing for zika virus was positive in both urine and blood and in CSF
- Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).
- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS; synonyms: Idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis, Landry-Guillain-Barré-Strohl syndrome), postinfectious (here: after Zika virus infection) – two courses: acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (disease of the peripheral nervous system); idiopathic polyneuritis (diseases of several nerves) of the spinal nerve roots and peripheral nerves with ascending paralysis and pain; usually occurs after infections A direct connection between an infection with the Zika virus and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is provided by an analysis of French epidemiologists: They were able to detect neutralizing antibodies against the Zika virus in all blood samples of GBS patients.
- Optic neuritis (optic neuritis).
Pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium (O00-O99)
- Abortion (miscarriage)
- Premature birth
- Intrauterine short stature
Further
- Children born with microcephaly, a quarter die shortly after from neurological damage
