Mumps Vaccination

Mumps vaccination (parotitis epidemica) is a standard vaccination (regular vaccination) given by means of an inactivated vaccine. It is usually given as a combination with measles–mumps–rubella vaccination (MMR vaccination). The following are the recommendations of the Standing Commission on Vaccination (STIKO) at the Robert Koch Institute:

Indications (areas of application)

  • B: Individuals born after 1970 (including trainees, interns, students, and volunteers) in the following activities:
    • Medical facilities (according to § 23 (3) sentence 1 IfSG) including facilities of other human medical health care professions.
    • Activities with contact to potentially infectious material.
    • Nursing facilities (according to § 71 SGB XI).
    • Community facilities (according to § 33 IfSG)
    • Facilities for the collective accommodation of asylum seekers, persons who are obliged to leave the country, refugees and ethnic German immigrants.
    • Technical, vocational and higher education institutions

Note!Often, adults born before 1970 (before the start of universal MMR vaccination) have natural immunity to measles, mumps and rubella. Legend

  • B: Vaccinations due to an increased occupational risk, e.g., after risk assessment according to the Occupational Health and Safety Act/Biological Substances Ordinance/ Ordinance on Occupational Medical Precautions (ArbMedVV) and/or for the protection of third parties in the context of occupational activities.

Contraindications

Implementation

  • Single vaccination with MMR vaccine (in up to 4 partial vaccinations G1 – G4)(A total of 2 times vaccination with an MMR vaccine (if necessary, use MMRV combination vaccine if there is a simultaneous indication for varicella vaccination)).
  • Vaccination twice with an MMR vaccine (if necessary, use MMRV combination vaccine if there is a simultaneous indication for varicella vaccination).
    • due toVaccinations due to increased occupational risk (B).
      • In women, 2 vaccinations are required for each of the three vaccine components (M-M-R).
      • In men, 2 times of vaccination is required for the measles and mumps vaccine components. For protection against rubella, a single vaccination is sufficient.
  • Basic immunization: the first vaccination should be given between eleven and 14 months of age in all children
  • Repeat vaccination: age 2-17 years

Efficacy

  • The efficacy of the vaccination is about 95%.

Possible side effects / vaccination reactions

  • Local reaction with redness, swelling around the injection site – usually occur 6 to 48 hours after vaccination
  • General reactions with fever (< 39.5 C°), headache/limb pain, malaise – usually occur in the first 72 hours after vaccination
  • Occasionally complain of fever and parotitis (parotid gland inflammation) as a reaction after vaccination
  • If as MMR vaccination:
    • Vaccine sickness – possible up to 4 weeks after MMR vaccination; measles/mumps-like symptoms with increased body temperature (= vaccine measles) occur; mostly mild courses.
    • Parotitis (parotid gland inflammation) (occasionally to rarely).
    • Generalized lymphadenitis (lymphadenitis) (occasional to rare).

Other notes

  • The combined measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is effective and not associated with an increased risk of autism.
  • There is no association between autism and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination, even in children with a genetic predisposition (hereditary disposition).

Vaccination status – control of vaccination titers

Parotitis epidemica(mumps) Mumps IgG ELISA <70 U/ml No sufficient vaccination protection detectable → basic immunization required
70-100 U/ml Questionable vaccination protection → booster recommended
> 100 U/ml Sufficient vaccination protection