Anuria and Oliguria: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99).

Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).

Hemolysis – dissolution of erythrocytes (red blood cells).
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) – triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA; form of anemia in which erythrocytes (red blood cells) are destroyed), thrombocytopenia (abnormal reduction in platelets/platelets), and acute kidney injury (AKI); Mostly occurring in children in the context of infections; most common cause of acute renal failure requiring dialysis in childhood.
Hemorrhage (bleeding), unspecified.
Hypoproteinemia – decrease in the protein content of the blood.

Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).

Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)

Heart failure (cardiac insufficiency)
Myocardial infarction (heart attack) with heart failure (cardiac insufficiency).
Myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) with heart failure (heart failure).
Thromboembolism – occlusion of a blood vessel by a detached blood clot.

Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).

Liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts – Pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87).

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) – functional, in principle fully reversible decrease in glomerular filtration rate (total volume of primary urine filtered by all glomeruli (renal corpuscles) of both kidneys together, in a defined unit of time) resulting in oliguric renal failure (in oliguric renal failure, kidneys output <500 ml of urine/day) in patients with liver cirrhosis (irreversible damage to the liver, leading to gradual connective tissue remodeling of the liver with impairment of liver function) or fulminant hepatitis (liver inflammation) in the absence of evidence of other causes of renal failure (slowly progressive reduction in renal function)
Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).

Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).

Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99)

Rhabdomyolysis – dissolution of striated muscle fibers as a complication of various diseases/conditions.

Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).

Plasmocytoma (multiple myeloma) – malignant tumor disease belonging to the group of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Its origin, as in all lymphomas, is in the lymphoid tissue
Tumors of the reproductive organs, unspecified.
Tumors of the retroperitoneal space, unspecified – space between the peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall.
Tumors of the urogenital tract, unspecified.

Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99).

Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – sex organs) (N00-N99)

Acute interstitial nephritis (inflammation of the kidneys).
Benign prostatic hyperplasia – benign enlargement of the prostate gland.
Glomerulonephritis – kidney disease caused by inflammation of the renal corpuscles.
Ureteral stenosis (narrowing of the ureter)
Urethrastenosis (urethral narrowing)
Urolithiasis (urinary stone disease)

Causes (external) of morbidity and mortality (V01-Y84).

Injuries, poisonings, and other consequences of external causes (S00-T98).

Further

Medication

ACE inhibitors – blood pressure lowering drugs such as ramipril.
Antibiotics – medications used for bacterial infections such as aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, gyrase inhibitors
Anticholinergics (parasympatholytics) – drugs that counteract the transmitter (transmitter) acetylcholine.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – painkillers such as diclofenac or ibuprofen.
X-ray contrast media
Cytostatic drugs – drugs used in cancer such as cisplatin.

Environmental exposures – intoxications (poisonings).