The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by aplastic anemia:
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Infections of all kinds due to weakened immune defenses.
Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).
- Bleeding due to a reduction in platelets (thrombocytes); possible in all body tissues.
Neoplasms (C00-D48)
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)* – malignant neoplasm of the hematopoietic system (hemoblastosis).
- Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)* – acquired clonal disease of the bone marrow associated with a disorder of hematopoiesis (blood formation); defined by:
- Dysplastic cells in the bone marrow or ring sideroblasts or an increase of myeloblasts up to 19%.
- Cytopenias (decrease in the number of cells in the blood) in the peripheral blood count.
- Exclusion of reactive causes of these cytopenias.
One quarter of MDS patients develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
* Frequency: 15% in summa
Psyche – Nervous System (F00-F99; G00-G99).
- Reduction in performance
- Fatigue
Prognostic factors
- The prognosis of aplastic anemia is determined by mutations in the bone marrow. Genomic analysis revealed gene alterations that may be important.