Aplastic Anemia: Complications

The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by aplastic anemia:

Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).

  • Infections of all kinds due to weakened immune defenses.

Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).

  • Bleeding due to a reduction in platelets (thrombocytes); possible in all body tissues.

Neoplasms (C00-D48)

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)* – malignant neoplasm of the hematopoietic system (hemoblastosis).
  • Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)* – acquired clonal disease of the bone marrow associated with a disorder of hematopoiesis (blood formation); defined by:
    • Dysplastic cells in the bone marrow or ring sideroblasts or an increase of myeloblasts up to 19%.
    • Cytopenias (decrease in the number of cells in the blood) in the peripheral blood count.
    • Exclusion of reactive causes of these cytopenias.

    One quarter of MDS patients develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

* Frequency: 15% in summa

Psyche – Nervous System (F00-F99; G00-G99).

  • Reduction in performance
  • Fatigue

Prognostic factors