Classification
The human heart usually beats 60 to 100 times per minute. If the heart beats less than 60 times per minute, this is called bradycardia. This can occur, for example, in competitive athletes, where it has no disease value, or in heart disease.
If there is an acceleration of the heartbeat so that the heart beats more than 100 times per minute, this is called tachycardia. Tachycardia can occur under stress or after drinking caffeine. A regular heartbeat is always desirable.
If this is present, it is called a sinus rhythm. If the heart goes out of rhythm, this is called a cardiac arrhythmia. Depending on whether the heart beats too fast, too slowly or irregularly, a distinction is made between tachycardia (heart beats more than 100 times per minute), bradycardia (heart beats less than 100 times per minute) and arrhythmic heart rhythm disturbances.
Examples of tachycardic arrhythmia: Examples of bradycardic arrhythmias: In addition, cardiac arrhythmias can be classified according to where they originate. For example, there are supraventricular cardiac arrhythmias that originate above the AV node or in the AV node (AV node = atrioventricular node or “atrial-ventricular node”, it belongs to the excitation conduction system of the heart), i.e. primarily in the atria. Correspondingly, there are also ventricular arrhythmias, which develop below the AV node, i.e. mainly in the ventricles.
Cardiac arrhythmias are caused by abnormalities in the electrical excitation formation or the electrical excitation conduction. According to this, there is another way of classifying cardiac arrhythmias. It is also possible to distinguish between excitation formation disorders and excitation conduction disorders. Examples of excitation formation disorders that occur in the sinus node: Examples of excitation conduction disorders:
- Atrial flutter
- Atrial fibrillation
- Ventricular tachycardia (chamber tachycardia)
- Ventricular flutter
- Ventricular fibrillation
- AV Node Reentry Tachycardia
- Atrioventricular reentry tachycardia
- Focal atrial tachycardia
- Atrial reentry tachycardia
- Sinus Bradycardia
- Sinuatrial block (SA block)
- Atrioventricular block (AV block)
- Thigh block.
- Sinus Tachycardia
- Sinus Bradycardia
- Sinus arrhythmia
- Sinuatrial block (SA block)
- Atrioventricular block (AV block)
- Thigh Block