Products
Cinnarizine is commercially available in the form of capsules, tablets, and drops (Stugeron, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1968. Since 2012, a fixed combination with dimenhydrinate has been on the market in many countries (Arlevert) see under Cinnarizine and Dimenhydrinate.
Structure and properties
Cinnarizine (C26H28N2, Mr = 368.51 g/mol) exists as a white powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is a piperazine derivative and has a similar basic structure to many antihistamines, for example, cetirizine and hydroxyzine.
Effects
Cinnarizine (ATC N07CA02) has antihistamine and antivasoconstrictor properties and improves brain microcirculation.
Indications
- Irritation and circulatory disturbances of the vestibular organ, manifesting as: Tinnitus, dizziness, nystagmus, nausea, sweating, vomiting.
- Ménière’s disease
- Prevention of motion sickness
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Extrapyramidal symptoms
- Parkinsonism
- Depression in patient history
- Fresh myocardial infarction
Full precautions can be found in the drug label.
Interactions
Sedation may be increased by alcohol, sedatives, antidepressants, and other drugs (centrally depressant drugs). Vasodilators may potentially potentiate the effects of cinnarizine.
Adverse effects
The most common adverse effects include drowsiness and indigestion. Allergic reactions, weight gain, headache, dry mouth, and sweating have been reported rarely. In the elderly, extrapyramidal symptoms may possibly occur or be exacerbated after prolonged therapy, sometimes occurring together with depressive states. Very rare: Lichen planus, lupus.
