Products
Cromoglicic acid had been approved for asthma therapy in many countries since 1969. After the original Lomudal, the generic Cromosol UD also went off the market in 2016. Medicines for inhalation are still available in Germany.
Structure and properties
The drugs contain sodium cromoglicate (C23H14Na2O11, Mr = 512.3 g/mol), a white, crystalline, hygroscopic powder that is soluble in water. It is the disodium salt of cromoglicic acid.
Effects
Sodium cromoglicate (ATC R03BC01) has mast cell stabilizing properties. It inhibits the release of various inflammatory mediators from mast cells. These include histamine, kinins, ECF, NCF, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. The effects occur with a time delay of two to four weeks. The drug must be inhaled because it is only 1-2% absorbed in the intestine and therefore has very low bioavailability.
Indications
For basic therapy of bronchial asthma and asthmatic bronchitis.
Dosage
According to the expert information. Inhalation must be performed four times a day, and in severe cases eight times a day.
Contraindications
The drugs are contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity and are not suitable for the treatment of an acute asthma attack. For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
No interactions with other drugs are known to date.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include throat irritation, cough, and transient difficulty breathing.