Fields of application

Low molecular weight heparins such as the active ingredient certoparin in Mono-Embolex® are suitable for thrombosis prophylaxis and thrombosis therapy. Thrombosis is a disease that occurs in the blood vessels. A blood clot is formed via the coagulation cascade, which closes the blood vessel.

Often thromboses are localized in the veins and are then called phlebothrombosis. If the blood clot is carried to another location, such as the lung, this is known as an embolism or pulmonary embolism. This can also be prevented by the administration of a low-molecular-weight heparin such as Mono-Embolex®. When a patient is immobilized (restricted mobility) due to accidents, injuries, before and after operations (e.g. hip and knee endoprosthetics) or other diseases, low-molecular-weight heparin is used preventively, since such a situation can promote the development of thrombosis. For the prophylaxis of thrombosis, the dosage is lower than in the treatment of manifest thrombosis.

Difference to Clexane

The Clexane® syringe contains the active ingredient enoxaparin. Enoxaparin is also a low-molecular-weight heparin, but is only suitable for thrombosis prophylaxis. Unlike Mono Embolex® , Clexane is not available for the treatment of thrombosis.

Administration and dosage

Low-molecular-weight heparins such as Mono-Embolex® are administered subcutaneously, i.e. injected (injected) under the skin into the subcutaneous fatty tissue. The injection can be administered independently of meals. The dose of a heparin is indicated in international units (I. E.).

The dosage depends on whether Mono-Embolex® is used prophylactically or therapeutically.If it is used for thrombosis prophylaxis, the dosage is lower and lies between 2500-5000 I. E subcutaneously per day. Mono-Embolex® is available as a ready-to-use syringe. These ready-to-use syringes contain 3000 I. U. per syringe.

The advantage over a standard heparin is that a low-molecular-weight heparin for thrombosis prophylaxis only needs to be administered once a day. This is due to its longer half-life. A significantly higher dosage is used for thrombosis therapy, which is normally based on the body weight of the person affected.

When treating thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, it may also be necessary to inject low-molecular-weight heparin twice a day. In the case of an overdose of heparin, there is a preparation that can cancel the effect of heparin. This is protamine, which, however, mainly acts as an antagonist of standard heparin.

The effect of a low-molecular-weight heparin can only be partially cancelled out by protamine. In this context, low-molecular-weight heparin is therefore inferior to standard heparin. The dosage for renal failure must be discussed with a physician.

In the case of renal failure, an accumulation of the active substance in the blood can occur. This can lead to a longer effect of the drug due to the reduced excretion of the substance. This can lead to massively impaired coagulation, which can lead to acute bleeding.

Particularly feared here are bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract and cerebral hemorrhages. A therapeutic dose of Mono Embolex® is used for atrial fibrillation. As a rule, Mono Embolex® 8000 is administered once a day.

Other dosages must be discussed with the doctor. The dosage depends on the patient’s body weight and kidney function. Mono Embolex® 3000 can be used for the prevention of thromboses and embolisms.

It is usually applied subcutaneously (under the skin) once a day. The prophylactic administration is sufficient to prevent thromboses, but not to dissolve them again. A higher dosage must be used for this.

In the case of thrombosis, a therapeutic dosage is necessary. Mono Embolex® 8000 should be used here. Here too, a single dose is usually sufficient; other dosages should be discussed with the doctor depending on the type and severity of the thrombosis.

Since thrombosis is a disease that must be treated first, the affected extremity should not be overburdened under any circumstances and should be positioned slightly high if possible. Follow-up visits to the doctor are highly recommended. Pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening disease and must therefore always be treated as an inpatient.

The aim of treatment is to make the pulmonary arteries or capillaries pass through again so that the blood can flow freely and oxygenate the blood (saturation with oxygen). In addition, the pressure exerted on the heart must be reduced to prevent cardiac arrest due to pump failure. Pulmonary embolism is usually a drastic event in the life of the person affected.

In addition to anticoagulation by Mono Embolex® 8000, physiotherapy and permanent blood thinning with other medications is advisable in the follow-up care. The syringes of Mono Embolex® 3000 contain the active ingredient certoparin. Certoparin belongs to the group of low-molecular-weight heparins and inhibits plasmatic coagulation.

Mono Embolex® 3000 is used to prevent thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Areas of application include prophylaxis after surgery or when an extremity is immobilized for a long period of time, for example in a cast or when sitting for long periods (long-haul flights). Mono Embolex® is administered subcutaneously, i.e. under the skin, with a syringe.

It can also be applied by the patient himself at home. When injecting Mono Embolex®, a fold of skin from the abdomen or thigh fat should be grasped and thus stretched. This is the easiest way for the needle to penetrate the skin.

After the syringe plunger has been withdrawn briefly to check whether a vessel has been hit, the needle can now be injected slowly. If blood runs back into the syringe, it should be reinjected. Mono Embolex® 8000 is available for the therapy of thromboses that have already occurred.

Mono Embolex dissolves the thrombosis, usually localized in the deep leg and pelvic veins. The symptoms of thrombosis are usually a swollen, overheated leg. Pain is frequent, but can also be absent.This pain is localized in the calf and is often described as aching muscles.

The most threatening complication of a thrombosis is a pulmonary embolism. In this case, parts of the thrombus come loose from the leg and enter the bloodstream. In the lung, these get caught in smaller vessels of the pulmonary artery and thus prevent the blood from being saturated with oxygen (oxygenation). A blood stasis in front of the heart can lead to acute right heart failure. To prevent the thrombus from entering the bloodstream, the extremity with the thrombus should be elevated slightly and not moved much.