Products
Glibenclamide is commercially available in tablet form (Daonil, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1970 and is also used in fixed combination with metformin (Glucovance).
Structure and properties
Glibenclamide (C23H28ClN3O5S, Mr = 494.0 g/mol) is a sulfonylurea. It exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water.
Effects
Glibenclamide (ATC A10BB01) has antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic properties. The effects are due to the promotion of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells (see also under gliclazide).
Indications
For the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. Tablets are usually taken once daily before breakfast or before the first main meal. Meals should not be skipped. For high doses, splitting is recommended (an additional dose before dinner).
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Diabetes mellitus type 1
- Diabetic coma
- Precoma
- Ketoacidosis
- Severe liver, kidney, and adrenocortical dysfunction.
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Glibenclamide must not be combined with bosentan.
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
Concomitant administration of bosentan may result in elevation of liver enzymes. Numerous drugs affect blood glucose and thus may cause interactions.
Adverse effects
The most common potential adverse effect is hypoglycemia. Other common adverse effects include digestive symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea, weight gain, and visual disturbances.