Colon Cancer

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Drug Therapy

Therapeutic Targets Cure or improvement of prognosis If necessary, also improvement of symptoms, reduction of tumor mass, palliative (palliative treatment). Therapy recommendations (according to current S3 guideline) The most important therapeutic procedure is surgery; also in advanced stages (see below “Surgical therapy“). In the case of extensive tumor growth in the rectum (rectum), neoadjuvant therapy … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Drug Therapy

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Diagnostic Tests

In colon carcinoma, a distinction is made between an examination program for early detection (colorectal cancer screening, see Cancer Screening Measure below) and an examination program for confirming the diagnosis. In addition, several examinations are required preoperatively. In the following, the examinations for confirming the diagnosis and preoperatively are discussed in more detail. Mandatory medical … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Diagnostic Tests

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Micronutrient Therapy

Within the framework of micronutrient medicine (vital substances), the following vital substances (micronutrients) are used for prevention (prevention): Vitamins folic acid, vitamin C and vitamin D. Mineral calcium Trace element selenium Dietary fiber Probiotics Within the framework of micronutrient medicine (vital substances), the following vital substances (micronutrients) are used for supportive therapy to prevent the … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Micronutrient Therapy

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Surgical Therapy

Colon carcinoma Procedure for pT1 carcinoma (according to current S3 guideline). If histologic examination of an endoscopically R0-removed polyp reveals a pT1 carcinoma, oncologic resection should be omitted if the situation is low-risk with a histologically carcinoma-free polyp base (R0; curative resection). In the high-risk situation, radical surgical treatment should be performed even if the … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Surgical Therapy

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Prevention

To prevent colon cancer (colorectal cancer), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Diet High consumption of red meat, i.e., muscle meat of pork, beef, lamb, veal, mutton, horse, sheep, goat Red meat is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “probably carcinogenic to humans”, that is, carcinogenic.Meat and … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Prevention

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Radiotherapy

Rectal cancer Radiation therapy is used particularly for rectal cancer (cancer of the rectum), usually in combination with chemotherapy (radiochemotherapy, RCTX). It is used either before (neoadjuvant) or after surgery. However, studies have shown an advantage when radiotherapy was used before surgery rather than after: Forgoing neoadjuvant radiotherapy in patients with stage II/III rectal cancer … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Radiotherapy

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

The following symptoms and complaints may indicate colon cancer (colorectal cancer): Rectal bleeding or blood/mucus in the stool – visible or occult (hidden). Weight loss* (weight loss) Fatigue* (chronic fatigue) Unclear abdominal pain* (abdominal pain) – abdominal pain. Meteorism (intestinal cramps) Stool irregularities* / change in stool consistency – alternation of constipation (constipation) and diarrhea … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Causes

Pathogenesis (disease development) Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) can be divided pathogenetically into three categories: 70% occur sporadically (“adenoma-carcinoma sequence”). 20-30 % due to polymorphisms and gene loci with a low penetrance in combination with various environmental factors. This leads to the development of familial (polygenic) CRC. Approximately 5% of all CRC are of hereditary origin. Precursor … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Causes

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Cardiovascular System (I00-I99). Hemorrhoids Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Ulcerative colitis – inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Diverticulitis – inflammation of diverticula. Diverticulosis – disease of the colon in which inflammation forms in protrusions of the mucosa (diverticula). Crohn’s disease – chronic inflammatory bowel disease (CED); usually runs in relapses and can … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Complications

The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by colon carcinoma (colorectal cancer): Blood, blood-forming organs – Immune system (D50-D90). Iron deficiency anemia (anemia due to iron deficiency). Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Weight loss Circulatory system (I00-I99) Increased cardiovascular mortality (because of cardiotoxic cytostatics (heart-damaging drugs that inhibit … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Complications

Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Classification

When carcinoma is detected, the histologic findings (fine-tissue findings) should include the following features, according to the S3 guideline: The extent of deep infiltration (pT category), and for sessile polyps (firmly grown polyps), the sm invasion measurement in μm, The histological degree of differentiation (grading), Presence or absence of lymphatic vessel invasion (L classification), And … Colorectal Cancer (Colon Carcinoma): Classification