Caries is diagnosed on the basis of the patient’s medical history and dental examination. In some cases, a culture (culturing) of the bacteria present in the patient’s saliva is useful in determining the individual’s caries risk. Laboratory tests are also available to identify lead bacteria for periodontal disease (periodontitis).
Usually, X-rays, so-called bitewing radiographs or dental film radiographs of individual teeth are taken to diagnose interdental caries (caries between the teeth). Bite wing techniques can be used to classify caries: D0 – no caries D1 – radiolucency in the outer half of the enamel. D2 – radiolucency up to inner half of the enamel. … Caries: Diagnostic Tests
Within the framework of micronutrient medicine (vital substances), the following vital substance (micronutrients) are used for prevention (prevention) and supportive therapy: Probotics Fluoride The above vital substance recommendation (micronutrients) were created with the help of medical experts. All statements are supported by scientific studies with high levels of evidence. For a therapy recommendation, only clinical … Caries: Micronutrient Therapy
Prevention and prophylaxis include assessing the individual caries risk. For this purpose, previously collected data from medical history and findings are used: Anamnesis Findings Periodontal diseases (diseases of the periodontium). X-ray findings Oral hygiene and plaque index Previous caries experience Social environment Saliva and microorganisms Nutritional data Based on these data, an individualized prevention plan … Caries: Prevention
The dental history (medical history) represents an important component in the medical diagnostic process. Family history Are there any diseases of the teeth or jaws in your family that are common? Social history Is there any evidence of psychosocial stress or strain due to your family situation? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). … Caries: Medical History
Diseases or changes Deposits on the teeth, e.g., tartar. Noncarious dental defects: Abrasion (loss of tooth structure due to abrasion by foreign bodies). Attrition (abrasion due to contact with adjacent or antagonistic tooth surfaces). Hereditary developmental disorders (tooth hard tissues not formed properly, abnormalities in tooth number and shape). Wedge-shaped defect (probably caused by incorrect … Caries: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
Caries can cause a variety of local consequences related to the mouth, as well as systemic consequences related to other body systems: Cardiovascular system (I00-I99). Atherosclerosis (arteriosclerosis, hardening of the arteries) – children who had caries and/or periodontal disease (disease of the periodontium) at about 8 years of age had higher intima-media thickness in younger … Caries: Complications
Classification by ICD-10 code 2013: K02.- Dental caries K02.0 Caries limited to the enamel of the tooth Incl: Opaque spots, white spots, [Initial caries.] K02.1 Caries of the dentin (dentine). K02.2 Caries of the cementum K02.3 Caries mark K02.4 Odontoclasia Incl: Infantile melanodontia, melanodontoclasia. Excl : internal and external resorption (K03.3). K02.5 Caries with exposed … Caries: Classification
The physical examination is used to determine the medical findings. Extraoral examination Soft tissues and muscles Bones Lymph nodes Nerves and nerve exit points Intraoral examination Entire oral cavity Oral mucosa Floor of the mouth Cheek mucosa Tongue Saliva flow rate Halitosis Dental findings (inspection and probing if necessary, possibly with magnification aid). Systematic examination … Caries: Examination
Caries can occur in different parts of the tooth: Occlusal caries, pitting and fissure caries, smooth surface caries, interdental caries (between teeth), cervical caries, root caries. The following symptoms and complaints may indicate caries: White, chalky change on the tooth surface (early, incipient, initial carious lesion). Brownish change (already advanced demineralization). Cavitation (“hole in the … Caries: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (development of disease) Dental caries is a multifactorial disease.Only when the three main factors come together can dental caries actually develop. The three main factors are: 1. the host: in this case, this means mainly the human oral cavity and its respective characteristics, e.g.: Tooth morphology Tooth position Chemical composition of the tooth hard … Caries: Causes
General measures Oral hygiene measures Application of cariostatic agents containing flouride Nicotine restriction (refraining from tobacco use). Limited alcohol consumption (men: max. 25 g alcohol per day; women: max. 12 g alcohol per day). Review of permanent medication due topossible effect on the existing disease. Avoidance of psychosocial stress: Anxiety Stress Conventional therapy methods Fissure … Caries: Therapy
