Introduction The thalamus is the largest structure of the diencephalon and is located once in each hemisphere. It is a bean-shaped structure connected to each other by a kind of bridge. In addition to the thalamus, other anatomical structures belong to the diencephalon such as the hypothalamus with pituitary gland, the epithalamus with the epiphysis … Thalamus
Thalamic Infarction A thalamic infarction is a stroke in the thalamus, the largest structure of the diencephalon. The cause of this infarction is an occlusion of the supplying vessels, which means that the thalamus is supplied with less blood. As a result, the cells may die and acute neurological symptoms may occur. Depending on which … Thalamic Infarction | Thalamus
Anatomy of the cerebellar bridge angle The cerebellar bridge angle (angulus pontocerebellaris) is the name of a certain anatomical structure of the brain. It is located between the brain stem (consisting of midbrain = mesencephalon, rhombic brain = rhombencephalon and bridge = pons) and the cerebellum and petrous bone. It is located in the posterior … Cerebellar bridge angle
Cerebellar Bridge Angle Syndrome The cerebellar bridge angle syndrome is a combination of symptoms that can occur with tumors in the cerebellar bridge angle (see cerebellar bridge angle tumors). The anatomy of the cerebellar bridge angle allows the derivation of the symptoms. Among the symptoms are: Hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness, insecure gait (8th cranial nerve … Cerebellar Bridge Angle Syndrome | Cerebellar bridge angle
Synonyms Greek: Pituitary gland Latin: Glandula pituitaria Anatomy of the pituitary gland The pituitary gland is about the size of a pea and lies in the middle cranial fossa in a bony bulge, the sella turcica (Turkish saddle, due to a shape reminiscent of a saddle). It belongs to the diencephalon and lies in close … Pituitary gland
Diseases of the pituitary gland Synonyms: Hypopituitarism Inflammation, injury, radiation, or bleeding can lead to disorders of the pituitary gland. This can result in the production of hormones in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland as well as in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Usually, hormone failures occur in combination. This means … Diseases of the pituitary gland | Pituitary gland
Synonyms Medical: Cerebellum (lat.) Introduction If the cerebellum is damaged, specific neurological symptoms may occur. Ataxia When the cerebellum is damaged (lesion) in any form (by bleeding, tumor, poisoning (intoxication), cerebellar atrophy, inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis and other damages) the primary symptom is ataxia. The word is taken from the Greek, where ataxia … Cerebellar damage
Definition The name hippocampus comes from Latin and means translated seahorse. The hippocampus as one of the most important structures of the human brain bears this name in reference to its seahorse-like form. It is part of the telencephalon and is found once in each half of the brain. Anatomy The name hippocampus comes from … Hippocampus
Diseases of the hippocampus In some people suffering from depression, a decrease in the size (atrophy) of the hippocampus has been observed in studies. The people most affected were those with chronic depression (lasting for many years) or those with very early onset of the disease (in early adulthood). In the context of depression, there … Diseases of the hippocampus | Hippocampus
MRT of the hippocampus Magnetic resonance imaging, also known as MRI, is the imaging diagnosis of choice for assessing possible pathological changes in the brain, including the hippocampal region in the temporal lobe. Within the framework of epilepsy diagnostics, even small lesions or abnormalities can be detected and treated at an early stage. MRI of … MRT of the hippocampus | Hippocampus
Synonym Medical: Cerebellum (lat.) Nucleus dentatus Nucleus emboliformis Nucleus globosus Nucleus fastigii Another anatomically distinct area of the cerebellum is the so-called cerebellar tonsils. Although they are not functionally significant (at least no particular function has been attributed to them so far), they do play an important role in everyday clinical practice. This is for … Cerebellum
Common diseases Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, as well as strokes, headaches, epilepsy and brain tumors occur comparatively frequently. In our modern society, depressions, psychoses such as schizophrenia and addictions are on the rise. Other diseases or consequences of diseases of the cerebrum are Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Amyothrophic lateral sclerosis … Common diseases | Cerebrum