Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of orchitis (testicular inflammation). Family history What is the general health of your relatives? Are there any diseases in your family that are common? Are there any hereditary diseases in your family? Social history What is your profession? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Medical History
Neoplasms – Tumor Diseases (C00-D48). Testicular tumor, unspecified (these are usually painless; however, hemorrhage can cause acute scrotum) Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract-genital organs) (N00-N99). Epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis), viral or bacterial. Testicular torsion (twisting of the testicular vessels), causing the blood supply to be cut off; often occurs during sleep (50%), but also … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by orchitis (testicular inflammation): Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract-genital organs) (N00-N99). Azoospermia – absence of sperm cells in the ejaculate. Concomitant hydrocele (water hernia). Testicular atrophy Male fertility disorder or sterility (infertility). Epididymoorchitis – spread of inflammation to the epididymis and spermatic … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Complications
Orchitis usually presents with a typical clinical picture. Obligatory medical device diagnostics. Scrotal sonography (ultrasound examination of the scrotal organs (testis and epididymis) and their vasculature) using Doppler sonography (ultrasound examination that can dynamically visualize fluid flows (especially blood flow)): In epididymo-orchitis (epididymitis), an inhomogeneously enlarged epididymis and hyperperfusion (increased blood flow) of the testis … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Diagnostic Tests
1st order If the inflammation is fused, surgical exposure is required
To prevent orchitis (testicular inflammation), special attention must be paid to reducing risk factors. Mumps vaccination is the most important and effective preventive measure to protect against mumps orchits. Note: Mumps orchitis is possible even though mumps vaccination has been given. To prevent parotitis epidemica (mumps), attention must also be paid to reducing risk factors. … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Prevention
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate orchitis (testicular inflammation): Leading symptoms Edema (swelling) and redness of the testicle. Pain of the scrotum (scrotum) or testis radiating to the groin and back (increase on palpation/palping) High fever Chills Nausea (nausea) Fatigue Cephalgia (headache) Usually, the inflammation occurs only unilaterally, that is, only one testicle is … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (development of disease) The following forms of orchitis can be distinguished: Hematogenous-metastatic – occurring as a complication of infectious diseases such as mumps (mumps virus), tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), with mumps orchitis being the most common cause Ascending (ascending infection) – via the ductus deferens (vas deferens) ascending infection in pre-existing urethritis (urethritis) or prostatitis … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Causes
General measures Bed rest Elevation of the testicle Physical therapy (including physiotherapy) Cooling of the testis (for analgesia/elimination of pain sensation).
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes [Purpura Schoenlein-Henoch (Purpura anaphylactoides) – spontaneous small skin hemorrhages, especially in the area of the lower legs (pathognomonic/disease characteristic), occurring mainly after … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Examination
Orchitis usually presents with a typical clinical picture. Often, orchitis is present in combination with epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis) and is then called epididymoorchitis. 1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests. Urine status (rapid test for: pH, leukocytes, nitrite, protein, glucose blood), sediment. Urine culture (pathogen detection and resistogram, that is, testing of … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic target Freedom from symptoms Avoidance of complications Therapy recommendations Bed rest; cooling and elevation of the testicle. Analgesia (analgesics/painkillers) including cooling of the testicle. Inflammatory (anti-inflammatory) therapy (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); also glucocorticoids, if necessary). Acute orchitis (testicular inflammation). Bacterial orchitis: specific antibiosis (antibiotic therapy depending on age groups, men who have sex … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Drug Therapy
