Galactorrhea

Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Medical History

Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of galactorrhea (abnormal breast milk discharge). Family history Social history Is there any evidence of psychosocial stress or based on your family situation? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). How long has the discharge been present? What does the discharge look … Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Medical History

Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Acromegaly – endocrinologic disorder caused by overproduction of the growth hormone somatotropin (STH), with marked enlargement of the phalanges or acra, such as the hands, feet, mandible, chin, nose, and eyebrow ridges. Hyperprolactinemia – too high levels of prolactin at the blood. Primary hypothyroidism (primary hypothyroidism) – primary hypothyroidism … Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Abdominal wall and inguinal region (groin area). Inspection and palpation (palpation) of the thyroid gland. Inspection and palpation of the abdomen (stomach), inguinal region (groin … Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Examination

Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Test and Diagnosis

2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, and obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification. Small blood count Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein). Hormone diagnostics Stage I Prolactin* Estradiol (E2) Progesterone (only in the second half of the cycle). LH FSH TSH Stage II TRH-TSH test … Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Test and Diagnosis

Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Drug Therapy

The causes of hyperprolactinemia are diverse, as outlined in the differential diagnoses. See the “Differential Diagnosis” subtopic for more information. Because of its clinical importance in the context of cycle disorders and infertility therapy, only hyperprolactinemia (elevation of blood prolactin levels) will be discussed here. Therapeutic target Normalization of prolactin levels. Therapy recommendations Administration of … Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Drug Therapy

Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Diagnostic Tests

Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. Mammary sonography (ultrasound examination of the breast; breast ultrasound). Galactography (contrast imaging of the milk ducts). Mammography (X-ray examination of the breast). Excision biopsy Computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging of … Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Diagnostic Tests

Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

The following symptoms and complaints may indicate galactorrhea (abnormal breast milk discharge): Leading symptom Galactorrhea (spontaneous secretion of milk from the breast). Classification of galactorrhea Grade Description I Only a few drops expressible (squeezable) II At least 1 ml of liquid expressible III Spontaneous milk secretion at times IV Constant discharge of milk flow In … Pathological Breast Milk Discharge (Galactorrhea): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs