Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of pyrosis (heartburn).
Family history
- Is there a frequent history of gastrointestinal disease in your family?
Social history
- Is there any evidence of psychosocial stress or strain due to your family situation?
Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints).
- Do you notice a burning sensation behind the breastbone?
- Do you have increased acid regurgitation?
- Have you noticed a reflux of acidic gastric juice into your mouth?
- When do you suffer from these symptoms? After meals? In the fasting state? When lying down?
- Do you have any other complaints such as:
- Morning hoarseness
- Increased chronic belching
Vegetative history including nutritional history.
- Are you overweight? Please tell us your body weight (in kg) and height (in cm).
- Do you eat a balanced diet? (too fatty food? too hasty food?)
- Do you like to drink coffee, black and green tea? If yes, how many cups per day?
- Do you drink other or additional caffeinated beverages? If so, how much of each?
- Do you smoke? If yes, how many cigarettes, cigars or pipes per day?
- Do you drink alcohol? If yes, what drink(s) and how many glasses per day?
- Do you use drugs? If yes, what drugs and how often per day or per week?
Self history incl. medication history.
- Pre-existing conditions (gastrointestinal diseases).
- Operations
- Allergies
- Pregnancies
- Medication history
Medication history
- Analgesics
- Opioid analgesics (hydromorphone HCl).
- Antiarrhythmics (mexiletine HCl).
- Antibiotics
- Gyrase inhibitors (enoxacin)
- Tetracyclines (doxycycline)
- Anticholinergics (relaxation of the esophageal sphincter) – see under “Anticholinergic effects due to drugs“.
- Antiemetics/antivertiginosa (aprepitant).
- Antiepileptic drugs (ethosuximide, mesuximide).
- Antiplogistics (dexketoprofen).
- Antipsychotics (neuroleptics) – clozapine.
- Antirheumatic drugs (aceclofenac, acemetazine, etoricoxib, ibuprofen, indometazine, ketoprofen, mexiletine HCl, mofebutazone, naproxen, phenylbutazone, proglumetazine dimaleate).
- Alendronic acid – alendronate
- Anion exchange resins
- Asthma drugs (aminophylline, theophylline)
- Butazone
- Expectorants and mucolytics – carbocisteine
- Flupirtine
- Hormones – hormone replacement therapy (HRT/HET), postmenopausal.
- Progestogens (megestrol acetate).
- Angiotensin II antagonist (irbesartan, losartan potassium).
- Tibolone
- Immunomodulators (interferon alfa-2a)
- Immunosuppressants (daclizumab)
- Caffeine
- Lipid-lowering agents (atorvastatin, cholesterol synthesis (CSE) inhibitors, colestipol HCl, colestyramine, fluvastatin, pravastatin sodium, psuvastatin, simvastatin).
- Nicotinic acid
- Parkinson’s drugs (dihydroergocryptine mesilate, ropinirole).
- Smooth muscle relaxants – alpha-adrenergic agents, aminophylline, nitrates, calcium channel blockers, phosphodiesterase inhibitors including sildenafil (Viagra)
- Rivastigmine
- Sympathomimetics (orciprenaline sulfate, salbutamol, salmeterol inhalate, terbutaline sulfate).
- Tuberculostatics (p-aminosalicylic acid).
- Antivirals (indinavir)