Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification.
- Proctoscopy (endoscopy of the lower to middle rectum; biopsy (tissue sample)) – if anal carcinoma is suspectedNote: Because anal carcinoma often develops on the floor of an AIN (anal intraepithelial neoplasia), staining methods with Lugol’s solution (iodine solution) 5% or with 3% acetic acid solution can be helpful.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis – for staging in anal carcinoma.
- Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax and abdomen – for staging in anal carcinoma.
- Colonoscopy (colonoscopy) – to exclude secondary tumors in anal carcinoma.
