Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Acromegaly – endocrinologic disorder caused by overproduction of growth hormone (somatotropic hormone (STH), somatotropin), with marked enlargement of the phalanges or acras, such as the hands, feet, mandible, chin, nose, and eyebrow ridges.
- Primary hypothyroidism (primary hypothyroidism) – primary hypothyroidism is commonly referred to when the thyroid gland itself is causative.
- Subclinical (latent) hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism).
- Empty sella syndrome – this involves expansion of the subarachnoid space into the sella turcica; this may result in endocrine dysfunction
Liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts – pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87).
- Liver cirrhosis – irreversible damage to the liver leading to gradual connective tissue remodeling of the liver with impairment of liver function.
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).
- Tumors of the parasellar/suprasellar region/area of the skull base called “Turk’s saddle” (cystic, purely intrasellar lesions: DD cyst of Rathke’s pouch; colloid cyst; rarely also dermoid or epidermoid in this area).
Psyche – Nervous System (F00-F99; G00-G99).
- Epileptic seizures, unspecified.
- Lymphocytic pituitaryitis – inflammation of the pituitary gland (pituitary gland).
Pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium (O00-O99).
- Pregnancy
- Breastfeeding
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – sex organs) (N00-N99)
- Chronic renal insufficiency (kidney weakness).
Injuries, poisonings, and other consequences of external causes (S00-T98).
- Injuries to the brain, unspecified
Other
- Heavy, high-protein meals and greater alcohol consumption (marginal to moderate increases).
- Tactile manipulation of the nipples, not further specified.
- Operations in the area of the pituitary gland
- Sleep
- Stress (moderate increases)
- Condition after radiotherapy (radiotherapy, radiatio).
Medication
- See “Causes” under medications
