The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by lichen sclerosus:
Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99).
- Tearing/bleeding of the affected skin areas, e.g., due to scratching.
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Infection of the affected areas of the skin
Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Narrowing of anus (anus) – may lead to constipation (constipation).
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).
- Human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative squamous cell carcinoma (malignant tumor of skin and mucosa) in the genital region in women (individual, lifetime risk about 1-2%) (very rare in men).
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis (in men over 30 years of age; possible triggering factor HPV 16?)
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract-genital organs) (N00-N99).
- Atrophy of the external genitalia
- Kraurosis vulvae (see symptoms below for definition).
- Phimosis (foreskin constriction) → micturition and erectile dysfunction.
- Meatus stenosis (narrowing of the urethral outlet) – possibly with ischuria (urinary retention).
- Stenosis of the introitus vaginae (vaginal entrance narrowing) – dyspareunia (pain during vaginal intercourse), possibly also cohabitation disorders.
- Reduced sensitivity of the glans penis and painfulness of erection.
More
- Cosmetic impairment