Obligatory medical device diagnostics.
- Abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) – for basic diagnostics.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG; recording of the electrical activity of the heart muscle).
- X-ray of the thorax (X-ray thorax/chest), in two planes.
- Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen (abdominal CT) – for further diagnosis.
- Computed tomography of the skull (cranial CT, cranial CT or cCT) – for further diagnostics.
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination and mandatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification.
- Arterial pulse contour analysis (method for monitoring hemodynamics, i.e., determination of cardiac output (HMV), in patients requiring intensive care).
- Echocardiography (echo; cardiac ultrasound) – for suspected structural heart disease.
- Invasive blood pressure measurement (often abbreviated to “IBP,” invasive blood pressure; this involves puncturing a vessel, usually a peripheral artery (e.g., radial artery), and inserting a pressure sensor)
