Pathogenesis (development of disease)
To date, it has not been possible to clarify the question of the causes of premenstrual syndrome beyond doubt.The most important causes are hormonal – see under Causes.Furthermore, it is assumed that the serotoninergic system is also involved in the development of the disease. Estrogens have a modulating effect on serotonergic processes. Likewise, estrogens have a positive influence on cognition and mood.
Biographical causes
- Hormonal factors – premenopause/menopause (menopause).
Behavioral causes
- Nutrition
- Micronutrient deficiency (vital substances) – see Prevention with micronutrients.
- Consumption of stimulants
- Coffee – excessive consumption
- Alcohol (> 20 g/day)
- Psycho-social situation
- Psychological factors – women with neurotic reactions are more prone to premenstrual syndrome.
Disease-related causes
- Hormonal factors
- Prolonged or permanent estrogen action – for example, in monophasic cycle, that is, follicle maturation disorder (egg maturation disorder), anovulatory cycles, that is, cycles without ovulation.
- Corpus luteum insufficiency (luteal weakness) – deficient progesterone production.
- Hyperprolactinemia – increased prolactin serum level (may be the cause of oocyte maturation disorder).
