Synonyms in a broader sense
sprint power, sprint speed, speed power, reaction speed, action speed, english: speed
Definition
Speed as a conditional ability, in addition to strength, endurance and mobility is defined as the ability to react as quickly as possible to a stimulus from the environment and convert it into speed of movement. Movement patterns can take the form of acyclic movement patterns (serve in tennis), cyclical movement patterns (100 meter sprint) and movement combinations (sports games/handball). Physically, speed is measured with speed as the result of the distance per time.
The word speed strength is composed of the words strength and fast. It is a physical ability and has the goal of providing a movement with the greatest possible impulse of force in the least possible time. The musculature must therefore apply the maximum force as quickly as possible.
The high-speed strength is actually present in every kind of sport and in almost every movement of the human body, when doing sports. When training explosive strength, it is important to pay attention to certain parameters, otherwise the training could have a different focus. Speed as a basic human characteristic is a movement that is performed at the highest possible speed.
Speed can refer to movements of the whole body and can involve legs, arms and other parts of the body. For example, there is the speed of action and the speed of reaction. With the help of speed training, the ability to act quickly can be improved and trained.
In sprint disciplines and team sports in which speed also plays an important role, speed training is particularly important. The elementary speed skills are differentiated into action speed and frequency speed. The first one is the ability to execute acyclic movements (handball, stroke throw) as fast as possible. The latter refers to the ability to perform cyclical movements (100 meter sprint) as fast as possible.
Complex speed capabilities
The reaction speed is the time that elapses between the setting of a signal and the start of movement. As an example for the 100 meter run, it is the time from the starting signal to the foot off the starting block. The reaction speed is also called reaction time.
Environmental stimuli can be acoustic, optical or tactile. The human body reacts fastest to the latter. see Reactivity in Coordinative Capabilities.
The rapid force is defined as the ability to generate the greatest possible impulse in a given time. It depends on the starting force and the explosive force. Starting force is the force value reached after 50 ms.
The explosive force is the maximum force increase in the force/time curve. For fast movements (less than 200ms), the start force and explosive force determine the performance. If more time is available for the movement, the maximum force is performance-determining.
The explosive force is divided into static explosive force and concentric explosive force. Sprint speed is the ability to execute complex, cyclical forms of movement at maximum speed against resistance. Performance is determined by the genetic constitution, learning factors, the mastery of the correct technique and neuromuscular factors. Neural control and regulation processes, speed of stimulus conduction, pre-innervation, inter- and intramuscular coordination are among the most important.