Malignant (malignant) solid neoplasms
- Chondommyxoid sarcoma
- Chondrosarcoma
- Chordoma
- Ewing’s sarcoma – predominantly children and adolescents between the ages of 10 and 18; other locations: Humerus (upper arm bone), ribs, femur (thigh bone), and fibula (fibula bone).
- Fibrosarcoma
- Hemangiosarcoma
- Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
- Osteosarcoma – predominantly adolescents and young adults (60% under 25 years of age); other locations: metaphyseal in the long tubular bones.
- Giant cell tumor
Benign (benign) solid neoplasms.
- Eosinophilic granuloma (EG) – belongs to the Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) form group; approximately 80% of patients are under 10 years of age; most common causes of osteolysis in childrenWide localizations; long tubular and flat bones, predominantly monostotic (“confined to one bone) and diaphyseal; multiple foci in 20% of cases.
- Fibrodysplasia
- Hemangioma
- Neurofibroma
- Osteoblastoma
- Osteoid osteoma
- Giant cell tumor
Malignant hematopoietic neoplasms
- Leukemia (blood cancer)
- Lymphoma – malignant neoplasms originating in the lymphatic system; non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL).
- Plasmocytoma (multiple myeloma).
Bone metastases (osseous metastases* ; daughter tumors).
- Bronchial carcinoma (lung cancer)
- Mammary carcinoma (breast cancer)
- Renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer)
- Prostate carcinoma (prostate cancer)
- Unknown primary tumor (in 3-10% of cases).
* Osseous metastases concerning the entire skeletal system: breast carcinoma (50-85 %), prostate carcinoma (50-75 %) , bronchial carcinoma (30-50 %), renal cell carcinoma (30-45 %), thyroid carcinoma (ca. 30%), pancreatic carcinoma (5-10%), colorectal carcinoma (5-10%), gastric carcinoma (5-10%), hepatocellular carcinoma (about 8%), ovarian carcinoma (2-6%)
