Products
Tobramycin eye drops have been approved in many countries since 1982 (Tobrex). The antibiotic is also combined with dexamethasone fixed (Tobradex). Tobrex is also commercially available as an eye ointment and as an eye gel.
Structure and properties
Tobramycin (C18H37N5O9, Mr = 467.51 g/mol) is obtained from or can be prepared by other methods. It exists as a white powder that is readily soluble in water.
Effects
Tobramycin (ATC S01AA12) has bacericidal properties, primarily against Gram-negative pathogens. The effects are due to inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S subunit of ribosomes.
Indications
For the treatment of bacterial infections of the anterior segment of the eye and its appendages.
Dosage
According to the professional information. The dosing interval depends on the severity of the infection. See also under Administering eye drops.
Contraindications
The eye drops are contraindicated in cases of hypersensitivity – including to other aminoglycosides. For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
Drug-drug interactions are not known.
Adverse effects
The most common potential adverse effects include eye discomfort and eye redness. Systemic tobramycin side effects such as oto- and nephrotoxicity are considered unlikely with topical use. Nevertheless, caution is advised.