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AIDS (HIV): Classification

HIV/AIDS classification: CDC classification (CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Category Clinical stages Symptoms/diseases A Acute HIV infection Asymptomatic HIV infection Acute, symptomatic (primary) HIV infection/acute HIV syndrome (also in the history): mononucleosis-like clinical picture with short-term lymphadenopathy (swelling of the lymph nodes), fever and splenomegaly (spleen enlargement) Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (LAS) > 3 … AIDS (HIV): Classification

Fatty Liver (Steatosis Hepatis)

In steatosis hepatis – colloquially called fatty liver – (synonyms: Fatty liver; Hepar adiposum; Steatosis; Steatosis hepatis; ICD-10 K76.0: Fatty liver [fatty degeneration], not elsewhere classified, including nonalcoholic fatty liver)) is a mild to moderate increase in size of the liver due to deposition of triglycerides (neutral fats) in the hepatocytes (liver cells). Fatty liver … Fatty Liver (Steatosis Hepatis)

AIDS (HIV): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

The following symptoms and complaints may indicate HIV infection: Symptoms of acute HIV disease General feeling of illness Loss of appetite Arthralgia (joint pain) Cephalgia (headache) Diarrhea (diarrhea) Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) Exanthem (rash), maculopapular (“nodular-spotty”); truncal; occurring 3 to 6 weeks after infection (in 50% of cases). Fever Lymphadenopathy (enlargement of the lymph … AIDS (HIV): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Heartburn (Pyrosis): Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes and sclerae (white part of the eye). Abdomen Shape of the abdomen? Skin color? Skin texture? Efflorescences (skin changes)? Pulsations? Bowel movements? Visible vessels? Scars? … Heartburn (Pyrosis): Examination

Heartburn (Pyrosis): Drug Therapy

Therapeutic target Improvement of the symptomatology Avoidance of complications of pyrosis (heartburn) as a sign of reflux esophagitis (esophagitis due to reflux (backflow) of stomach acid into the esophagus). Therapy recommendations Symptomatic therapy (when gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is assumed and no alarm symptoms are present: such as. Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), odynophagia (pain on swallowing), … Heartburn (Pyrosis): Drug Therapy

Polymenorrhea: Diagnostic Tests

Obligatory medical device diagnostics. Vaginal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination using an ultrasound probe inserted into the vagina) – to evaluate the genital organs. Abdominal sonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) – mainly to assess the kidneys, adrenal glands and ovaries (ovaries). Optional medical device diagnostics -depending on the results of the history, physicalexamination, laboratory diagnostics … Polymenorrhea: Diagnostic Tests

Shingles (Herpes Zoster): Diagnostic Tests

Diagnosis is usually made on the basis of history and physical examination. Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnosis in case of complications. Computed tomography of the skull (cranial CT, cranial CT or cCT) – if meningoencephalitis … Shingles (Herpes Zoster): Diagnostic Tests

Esophageal Cancer: Surgical Therapy

Diagnostic laparoscopy may be performed for adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus and esophagogastric (gastrointestinal) junction to exclude metastases to the liver and/or peritoneum (peritoneum) at advanced stages (especially in the case of a cT3- , cT4-category). The most important therapeutic procedure in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma is surgery with the aim of complete removal … Esophageal Cancer: Surgical Therapy

Shingles (Herpes Zoster): Causes

Pathogenesis (development of disease) Herpes zoster is a reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (synonyms: varicella zoster virus (VZV) – also spelled varicella zoster virus and referred to as human herpes virus-3), which has survived inconspicuously for many years in the area of the spinal and/or cranial nerve ganglia. Due to a weakened immune system, … Shingles (Herpes Zoster): Causes

Food Allergy: Causes

Pathogenesis (development of disease) In terms of their triggers, two forms of food allergy are distinguished: Primary food allergy: due to gastrointestinal sensitization to predominantly stable food allergens (e.g., milk and chicken egg whites, soy, wheat, peanut, and tree nuts)Anaphylactic shock due to food allergy (most common trigger of severe anaphylaxis in childhood) In young … Food Allergy: Causes