Products Zolpidem is commercially available as film-coated tablets, sustained-release tablets, and effervescent tablets (Stilnox, Stilnox CR, generics, USA: Ambien). It has been approved in many countries since 1990. Structure and properties Zolpidem (C19H21N3O, Mr = 307.39 g/mol) is an imidazopyridine that is structurally distinct from the benzodiazepines. It is present in drugs as zolpidem tartrate, … Zolpidem
Products Acamprosate is commercially available in the form of enteric-coated film-coated tablets (Campral). The active ingredient has been approved in many countries since 1995. Structure and properties Acamprosate (C5H11NO4S, Mr =181.2 g/mol) is present in drugs as acamprosate calcium, a white powder that is readily soluble in water. It has structural similarities to the neurotransmitter … Acamprosate
Products In many countries, there are currently no registered medicines containing the active ingredient Cathin. Products containing Cathine are not banned, but are subject to prescription and narcotics laws. Structure D-cathine (C9H13NO, Mr = 151.2 g/mol) is a natural substance from the cath (, Celastraceae), which is also produced synthetically. It is a hydroxylated amphetamine … Cathin
Products Cannabinoid receptor antagonists are no longer on the market in many countries. Rimonabant (Acomplia) was withdrawn from the market in 2008 because it can cause psychiatric disorders, particularly depression. Effects Cannabinoid receptor antagonists have appetite suppressant, lipid-lowering, antidiabetic, analgesic (antiallodynic, antinociceptive), and anti-inflammatory properties. The effects of cannabinoid receptor antagonists are largely opposite to … Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists
Products Clonazepam is commercially available as tablets, injectable solution, and oral drops (Rivotril). It has been approved in many countries since 1973. In the United States, it is marketed as Klonopin. Structure and properties Clonazepam (C15H10ClN3O3, Mr = 315.7 g/mol) exists as a faint yellowish crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is … Clonazepam
Products Nalmefene is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Selincro). It was registered in many countries in 2014. Structure and properties Nalmefene (C21H25NO3, Mr = 339.4 g/mol) is structurally closely related to naltrexone, from which it is derived. In the drug product, it is present as nalmefene hydrochloride and dihydrate, a white crystalline … Nalmefene
Products Zaleplon was commercially available in capsule form (Sonata, 5 mg, 10 mg). It was approved in many countries in 1999. It was discontinued from distribution in April 2013. Structure and properties Zaleplon (C17H15N5O, Mr = 305.3 g/mol) is a pyrazolopyrimidine and exists as a white powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is … Zaleplon
Products Nitrazepam is commercially available in tablet form (Mogadon). It has been approved in many countries since 1965. Structure and properties Nitrazepam (C15H11N3O3, Mr = 281.3 g/mol) is a nitrated 1,4-benzodiazepine. It exists as a yellow crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. Nitrazepam is structurally closely related to flunitrazepam (Rohypnol). Effects Nitrazepam (ATC … Nitrazepam
Symptoms Possible symptoms of clinically manifest magnesium deficiency include: Neuromuscular symptoms such as a tremor, muscle spasms, fasciculations (involuntary muscle movements), seizures Central disorders: Apathy, fatigue, dizziness, delirium, coma. Cardiovascular disorders: ECG changes, cardiac arrhythmias, palpable heartbeats, hypertension. Osteoporosis, Altered glucose homeostasis. Magnesium deficiency is often accompanied by calcium and potassium deficiency. However, many patients … Magnesium Deficiency
Cold sweat or cold sweating is a symptom in which the patient sweats and at the same time has cold skin. This sweating is not for ordinary thermoregulation in high temperatures or during exercise, but is the result of an underlying medical condition. What is cold sweat? In cold sweat, the sweat itself is not … Cold Sweat: Causes, Treatment & Help
When you hear the word “delir” or “delirium,” you usually automatically think of a clinical picture that you mistakenly assign to alcohol abuse. But delirium occurs in up to 50 percent of all hospitalized patients – and by no means only in alcoholics. Definition: what is delirium? Delirium is a clinical picture in which various … Delirium: Multiple Causes
The certainly best known form of delirium is alcohol delirium, which can occur in various forms in alcoholics. How delir is treated in general and what should be considered in the therapy of alcohol delirium in particular is explained below. Alcohol delirium (delirium tremens). Alcohol delirium has some special features. It is important to note … Delir: Therapy
