Products No drugs containing dihydroartemisinin are currently approved in many countries. However, the prodrug artemether (Riamet, with lumefantrine), which is metabolized in the body to dihydroartemisinin, is available. It is also combined fixed with piperaquine; see Piperaquine and Dihydroartemisinin. Structure and properties Dihydroartemisinin (C15H24O5, Mr = 284.3 g/mol) is derived from artemisinin from annual mugwort … Dihydroartemisinin
Onchocerca volvulus is a nematode that is found in the tropics. The harmful parasite can cause river blindness in humans. What is Onchocerca volvulus? The term “Onchocerca” comes from Greek and translates as “tail” or “hook”. The Latin term “volvulus” means “to roll” or “to turn”. Onchocerca volvulus belongs to the filariae, which form a … Onchocerca Volvulus: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
Products No drugs containing benznidazole are on the market in many countries. Rochagan or Radanil are not approved in many countries. Structure and properties Benznidazole (C12H12N4O3, Mr = 260.2 g/mol) is a nitroimidazole and an acetamide. The compound was originally developed at Roche and launched in the 1970s. Effects Benznidazole (ATC P01CA02) has antiparasitic properties. … Benznidazole
Products Castellani solution is not commercially available as a registered finished drug in many countries and must be prepared in a pharmacy as an extemporaneous preparation. Retailers can also order it from specialized suppliers. The drug is named after Aldo Castellani (1877-1971), a well-known Italian tropical physician who developed it in the 1920s. Ingredients Traditional … Castellani Solution
Products Sulfadiazine is commercially available in combination with silver as silver sulfadiazine cream and gauze (Flammazine, Ialugen plus). This article refers to internal use. See also under silver sulfadiazine. Structure and properties Sulfadiazine (C10H10N4O2S, Mr =250.3 g/mol) exists as in the form of crystals or as a crystalline powder with white, yellowish or light pink … Sulfadiazine
Effect Antibacterial Bakeriostatic Antiparasitic against protozoa Mechanism of action Sulfonamides inhibit the synthesis of folic acid in microorganisms. They are structural analogues (antimetabolites) of the natural substrate p-aminobenzoic acid and competitively displace it. Trimethoprim, used in combination with sulfamethoxazole, has a synergistic effect. Indications Bacterial infectious diseases caused by: Streptococcus Pneumococcus Actinomycetes Nocardia, e.g. nocaridosis … Sulfonamides
Products Propolis is contained in ointments, creams, tinctures, oral sprays, lip balms, capsules and body care products, among others. As a rule, these are not registered drugs, but cosmetics. The pure substance is available from beekeepers or in pharmacies and drugstores. When buying propolis products, care must be taken to ensure that the substance is … Propolis (Bee Glue): Effects and Health Benefits
Products Tafenoquine was approved in the United States in 2018 in tablet form (Krintafel, Arakoda). Structure and properties Tafenoquine (C24H28F3N3O3, Mr = 463.5 g/mol) is an 8-aminoquinoline derivative present in the drug as tafenoquine succinate. It is a derivative of primaquine. The drug was first synthesized in 1978 at the Walter Reed Army Institute of … Tafenoquine
Products Moxidectin is commercially available as a mono- and combination preparation as a solution, injection solution, oral gel, and spot-on preparation for animals. It has been approved in many countries since 1999. In 2018, a drug was approved in the U.S. for the treatment of onchocerciasis (river blindness). Structure and properties Moxidectin (C37H53NO8, Mr = … Moxidectin
Effects Insecticidal Antiparasitic Ovicidal: killing eggs Larvicidal: larvae killing Partially insect repellent Indications Infestation by parasites, such as head lice and fleas. Active ingredients (selection) Allethrin Crotamiton (Eurax, out of trade). Disulfiram (Antabus, not commercially available for this indication). Flea medication Ivermectin (Stromectol, France) Lindane (Jacutin, out of trade). Malathion (Prioderm, out of trade) Mesulfen … Insecticides
Products Eflornithine is commercially available as a cream in many countries and has been approved since 2003 (Vaniqa). Vaniqa was released in the United States in 2000 and in the EU in 2001. Structure and properties Eflornithine (C6H12F2N2O2, Mr = 182.2 g/mol) is a fluorinated and methylated derivative of the amino acid ornithine. It is … Eflornithine
Products Jacutin gel and emulsion are no longer commercially available. Alternatives for the treatment of scabies and head lice: see corresponding indications. In Germany, the “Jacutin Pedicul Fluid” is on the market. However, it contains dimeticone and not lindane. Structure and properties Lindane or 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (C6H6Cl6, Mr = 290.83 g/mol) is a white crystalline powder … Lindane
