The structure of the human foot is an adaptation to the upright gait. The bony basis for this requirement is the foot skeleton with its typical structure. What is the foot skeleton? The construction of the foot skeleton forms the basis for the physiognomy and function of the foot. It consists of a total of … Foot Skeleton: Structure, Function & Diseases
The tarsus connects the lower leg to the midfoot. It has a prominent mechanical role in load transfer. What is the tarsal? The tarsus consists of 7 bones that can be divided into 2 sections. In the near-body (proximal) section, the two largest bones are found, the talus (ankle bone) and the calcaneus (heel bone). … Tarsal: Structure, Function & Diseases
Definition In medicine, exostoses (or singular exostosis: from ex = out, out and os = bone) always refer to overlegs, i.e. additional compact bones that grow outwards. Mr. Patrik Haglund was a Swedish orthopedist and surgeon after whom this exostosis is named. The terms Haglund exostosis, Haglund syndrome, Haglund pseudoexostosis can be used synonymously. Anatomy … Haglund exostosis
Symptomatology Not every person with a Haglund exostosis suffers from symptoms that are due to this bone protrusion. Symptoms can be triggered by excessive physical exertion, incorrect footwear (chronic pressure on the exostosis area) or foot malpositions. Constant stress on the surrounding structures leads to the characteristic symptoms. The reason for this is an irritation … Symptomatology | Haglund exostosis
Insoles Orthopedic footwear can help reduce the discomfort associated with Haglund exostosis. The aim here is to reduce the strain on the ossified overbone at the heel through targeted padding or recesses in the shoe insoles. For example, there are special Haglund cushions which cushion the heel in the shoe and thus prevent over-irritation of … Insoles | Haglund exostosis
Introduction The heel spur is a bony extension of the heel bone (calcaneus). The spur is often located at the bottom of the sole of the foot (plantar heel spur) as an ossification at the base of a tendon plate running there. More rarely is the posterior heel spur, which is located at the rear … Insoles for heel spurs
Insoles Especially in the early stages, insoles can quickly provide relief for heel spurs. Freely available gel cushions can be placed in the shoe under the heel and thus cushion the weight on the heel when walking and standing. Such gel cushions are available for little money and do not have to be prescribed by … Insoles | Insoles for heel spurs
Prospects of recovery The heel spur is clearly an area of conservative orthopedics, so that a large number of patients can be helped to significant relief without surgery. However, the duration of the therapy varies from patient to patient. Especially the conservative measures such as wearing insoles are usually rather lengthy, as they are much … Prospects of recovery | Insoles for heel spurs
The talus (talus) is part of the tarsus (tarsus) along with the calcaneus (heel bone), os naviculare (scaphoid bone), ossa cuneiformia (sphenoid bone) and os cuboidem (cuboid bone). The talus forms with its upper side, the trochlea tali (joint roll), a part of the upper ankle joint. Since the talus bears the entire weight of … Talus fracture
Diagnostics An important point of reference for the doctor is the medical history, i.e. the description of the situation in which the injury occurred. In addition, the physician will look at the mobility of the foot (motor function) and whether there is a loss of sensitivity (the sensation in and on the foot). X-rays in … Diagnostics | Talus fracture
Complications The blood supply to the talus is provided by several small vessels lying in a narrow space. These can be easily injured by dislocations. This is one of the reasons why the risk of osteonecrosis (death of the bone) is very high in the case of a talus fracture. For Hawkins I, the risk … Complications | Talus fracture
The calf muscles in the strict sense are composed of the two-headed calf muscle and the clod muscle. The main function of the calf muscles is to flex the foot downward, a hugely important function in walking, running, jumping and other movements. What characterizes the calf muscles? Of the multitude of muscles in the calf … Calf Muscles: Structure, Function & Diseases
