Products Remdesivir is commercially available as a powder for a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Veklury, Gilead Sciences Inc, USA). Provisional approval was granted in many countries and in the EU in July 2020. On November 25, 2020, the approval will be granted. In the U.S., the drug was registered in October. … Remdesivir
Primaquine is a prescription drug with anti-parasitic properties. It is used for the prevention, treatment, and follow-up of malaria. In its guidelines for the treatment of malaria, the German Society for Tropical Medicine and International Health (DTG) recommends primaquine as an adjunctive therapy to chloroquine in the treatment of malaria tertiana. In Germany, primaquine is … Primaquine: Effects, Uses & Risks
Protozoal infections are parasitic diseases caused by those organisms that were previously placed in the realm of Protozoa within biological systematics. Significant examples of causative organisms of protozoan diseases include Entamoeba histolytica as the causative agent of amoebic dysentery, Plasmodium falciparum as the causative agent of malaria tropica, Giardia lamblia, which about ten percent of … Protozoan Infection: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Symptoms Nighttime calf cramps are painful and involuntary muscle contractions of the legs that often occur in the calves and feet. They last only a few minutes but can continue to cause discomfort for hours. They are particularly common in older people over 60 years of age. They are benign complaints. The most important complication … Nocturnal Calf Cramps
Symptoms A change in urine color is manifested by a deviation from the normal color of urine, which usually varies from pale yellow to amber. It may occur as a solitary sign or along with other symptoms. Urine is usually clear and not cloudy. It gets its color from urine pigments called urochromes. These are, … Change in Urine Color
Definition and examples When a drug is administered, for example, a tablet is swallowed or an injection is injected into a vein, the active pharmaceutical ingredients subsequently spread throughout the body. This process is called distribution. Active ingredients distribute throughout the bloodstream, into tissues, and are eliminated through metabolism and excretion. Mathematically, the volume of … Volume of Distribution
Products Chloroquine was commercially available in tablet form (Nivaquine). It was approved in many countries since 1953. Its distribution was discontinued in 2019. It was first synthesized in 1934 by Hans Andersag at Bayer in Elberfeld (I.G. Farbenindustrie). Currently, medicines containing chloroquine are no longer available in many countries. Magisterial formulations can be made in … Chloroquine
Products Mepacrine is no longer commercially available in many countries. At best, mepacrine capsules could be prepared as a magisterial formulation in a well-equipped pharmacy. Alternatively, other antimalarials such as chloroquine or quinine could be used. Structure and properties Mepacrine (C23H30ClN3O, Mr = 399.96 g/mol) is a pale yellow crystalline powder that is soluble in … Mepacrine
Quinine is a chemical compound found in the bark of the cinchona tree. Quinine is used medicinally mainly for the therapy of malaria, especially malaria tropica. In addition, it is sometimes used for the prophylaxis and therapy of muscle cramps and in preparations to relieve the symptoms of flu-like infections. In addition, it is also … Quinine: Effects, Uses & Risks
Plasmodium malariae is a parasite of the genus Plasmodia. The protozoan is the causative agent of the infectious disease malaria. What is Plasmodium malariae? Plasmodium malariae is a protozoan that is classified as a parasite. This means that the Plasmodium lives at the expense of the host. Along with Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium … Plasmodium Malariae: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
Symptoms Malaria (Italian, “bad air”) manifests itself in the following symptoms, which usually appear a few weeks after transmission. The incubation period ranges from a few days to several years: High fever, sometimes with rhythmic attacks of fever, every second or third day. However, the fever may also occur irregularly. Chills, profuse sweating. Headache, muscle … Malaria Causes and Treatment
Effects Antiparasitic against plasmodia. Indications Malaria Malaria prophylaxis Also for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, lupus erythematosus. Off-label: some antimalarials such as quinine and chloroquine are used off-label to treat calf cramps. Active ingredients Aminoquinolines: Amodiaquine Chloroquine (Nivaquine, out of commerce). Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) Mepacrine Pamaquin Piperaquine Primaquine Tafenoquin (crinoline) Biguanides: Proguanil (Malarone + Atovaquone). Cycloguanilembonate … Antimalarials
