The complex cellular and physiological processes in living organisms require finely tuned regulation at the molecular level to ensure the adaptability of, for example, an animal or a plant to its habitat. To this end, numerous molecules exist that intervene in processes such as cell communication, metabolism or cell division. One of these molecules is … Calmodulin: Function & Diseases
Adenosine triphosphate or ATP is the most energy-rich molecule in the organism and is responsible for all energy-transferring processes. It is a mononucleotide of the purine base adenine and therefore also represents a building block of nucleic acids. Disturbances in the synthesis of ATP inhibit the release of energy and lead to states of exhaustion. … Adenosine Triphosphate: Function & Diseases
Myelin sheath is the term used to describe the covering of the neurites of a nerve cell, which can be up to one meter long. The myelin sheath protects the nerve fiber, insulates it electrically, and allows much faster transmission speeds than nonmyelinated nerve fibers. Myelin sheaths are composed of special lipids, phospholipids, and structural … Myelin Sheath: Structure, Function & Diseases
Simvastatin is a classic statin and is used as a cholesterol-lowering agent. It was approved in 1990 and is used relatively frequently. What is simvastatin? Simvastatin, chemically (1S,3R,7S,8S,8aR)-8-{2-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl}-3,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl-2,2-dimethylbutanoate, is a drug used primarily as a cholesterol-lowering agent. Simvastatin is structurally derived from the naturally occurring monacolin K, also known as lovastatin. Simvastatin is partially synthetically … Simvastatin: Effects, Uses & Risks
Valganciclovir is a virostatic agent used to treat cytomegalovirus retinitis (inclusion body disease) occurring in AIDS patients. The drug belongs to the group of nucleoside analogues and is widely used. As a prodrug of the substance ganciclovir, it has essentially the same effects and side effects as the latter. What is valganciclovir? Valganciclovir is a … Valganciclovir: Effects, Uses & Risks
Osteocytes are mature bone cells enclosed by osteoblasts of the bone matrix. When bone is defective, osteocytes die because of inadequate nutrient supply, prompting the bone-degrading osteoclasts. Pathologic osteocytes may be relevant to diseases such as osteoporosis. What are osteocytes? Human bone is alive. Immature osteoblasts form what is called the bone matrix. This network … Osteocytes: Structure, Function & Diseases
Metabolism and metabolic processes are of great importance to human health and performance. Impairments can lead to a wide range of diseases. What is metabolism? Human metabolism is also known as metabolism or energy metabolism. In this context, metabolism, as a biological process, comprises a chain of processes that extends from the uptake of substances, … Metabolism: Structure, Function & Diseases
Potatoes have become indispensable as a tasty and nutritious staple food and ingredient in numerous dishes. The inexpensive tubers can be easily grown and also serve as animal feed and raw material for industrial use. On average, every German eats around 60 kilograms of potatoes every year. What you should know about potatoes The low-calorie … Potato: Intolerance & Allergy
Orange is a fruit that is also known as orange. It belongs to the genus of citrus plants and originates from China. This is what you should know about the orange The orange is a fruit that is also known by the name orange. It belongs to the genus of citrus plants and originated in … Orange: Intolerance & Allergy
Moxifloxacin is an antibiotic agent that belongs to the subgroup of fluoroquinolones. Specifically, the drug belongs to the fourth-generation fluoroquinolones. Fluoroquinolones are antibiotic gyrase inhibitors and are suitable for the treatment of various diseases and conditions. The drug is to be used only after prescription by a doctor. What is moxifloxacin? The drug moxifloxacin belongs … Moxifloxacin: Effects, Uses & Risks
Products Pegaspargase is commercially available as an injectable (Oncaspar). The drug was approved in the United States in 2006, in the EU in 2016, and in many countries in 2017. Structure and properties Pegaspargase (PEG-L-asparaginase) is the pegylated enzyme L-asparaginase. The PEG units are covalently attached to the enzyme. Effects Pegaspargase (ATC L01XX24) has antileukemic … Pegaspargases
The active medical ingredient Tipranavir is a drug that is used to treat people with HIV type 1. It is used as part of a combination antiretroviral therapy. The drug Tipranavir is available on the pharmacological market under the trade name Aptivus and is distributed by the producer Boehringer. The active ingredient tipranavir is considered … Tipranavir: Effects, Uses & Risks
