Products Hard grease is available as open goods in pharmacies and drugstores. Specialty retailers can order it from specialized suppliers. Many different types exist. Structure and properties Hard fat consists of a mixture of mono-, di- and triglycerides obtained by esterification of fatty acids of natural origin with glycerol or by transesterification of fats of … Hard Grease
Definition After a drug is ingested, it passes through the esophagus into the stomach and into the small intestine. There, the active ingredient must first be released from the dosage form. This is the prerequisite for it to be absorbed into the bloodstream via the cells of the mucosa. The dosage form thus exerts a … Release (Liberation)
Products Flavoring substances are contained in numerous medicinal products, in medical devices, cosmetics, luxury foods and foodstuffs as excipients or additives. They are available from specialized suppliers in specialized stores. Structure and properties Flavoring substances are mixtures of substances or defined molecules such as vanillin or menthol. They can have a natural (e.g., plant, animal, … Flavorings
Products Chlorobutanol is used as an excipient in pharmaceuticals. Structure and properties Chlorobutanol (C4H7Cl3O, Mr = 177.5 g/mol) exists as a white, crystalline and easily sublimable powder or as colorless crystals and is sparingly soluble in water. The pharmacopoeia defines anhydrous chlorobutanol and chlorobutanol hemihydrate (- 0.5 H2O). Effects Chlorobutanol (ATC A04AD04) has antibacterial, antifungal, … Chlorobutanol
Products Phenoxyethanol is used as an excipient mainly in semi-solid medicines, for example in creams and lotions. Structure and properties Phenoxyethanol (C8H10O2, Mr = 138.2 g/mol) exists as a colorless, weakly viscous liquid with a slightly aromatic odor of roses and is sparingly soluble in water. It is an aromatic ether and a primary alcohol. … Phenoxyethanol
New drugs are protected Newly introduced drugs are usually protected by patent. Another company is not allowed to copy these drugs and distribute them themselves without the manufacturer’s consent. However, this protection expires after a few years. For example, the antidepressant escitalopram (Cipralex) was approved in many countries in 2001 and the patent protection was … Generic
Products Purified water is available in pharmacies and drugstores. Specialty retailers can either make it themselves or purchase it as a finished product from specialized suppliers. Structure and properties Water (H2O, Mr = 18.015 g/mol) exists as a clear, colorless liquid without odor or taste. Purified water is prepared from drinking water by the following … Purified Water
Products Nitrogen is commercially available as a compressed gas in pressurized cylinders and as a liquid in cryogenic containers, among other products. Structure and properties Nitrogen (N, atomic mass: 14.0 u) is a colorless and odorless gas that is present in over 78% of air. It is a chemical element with atomic number 7 and … Nitrogen
Products Phosphoric acid is available in pharmacies and drugstores in various concentrations. Structure and properties Phosphoric acid or orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4, Mr = 97.995 g/mol) exists as an aqueous to viscous, syrupy, clear, colorless, and odorless liquid that is miscible with water, depending on the concentration. Concentrated phosphoric acid can solidify to a colorless crystalline … Phosphoric Acid
Products Simeticon (simethicone) is commercially available in the form of chewable tablets, as capsules, and as a solution. It has been registered in many countries since 1964. Since the effect is purely physical, medical products are also approved. Structure and properties Simeticone is obtained by incorporating 4 to 7 percent silica into polydimethylsiloxane with a … Simeticon
Products Among the most commonly used pharmaceutical syrups are the cough syrups that relieve cough irritation or expectorant. In addition, however, many other drugs are available as syrups, including analgesics, laxatives, antibiotics and other anti-infectives, vitamins, minerals and trace elements, tonics (tonics), antiepileptics, and beta2-sympathomimetics. Some syrups, such as those containing herbal extracts, can also … Syrups
