Products Thiomerasal has been used as an excipient in pharmaceuticals, especially in liquid dosage forms such as eye drops and vaccines. It is rarely used today because of the potential adverse effects. The substance is also known as thimerosal. Structure and properties Thiomerasal (C9H9HgNaO2S, Mr = 404.8 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder and … Thiomersal
Products Croscarmellose sodium is used as an excipient in medicines, especially in tablets. Structure and properties Croscarmellose sodium is the sodium salt of a partially -carboxymethylated, cross-linked cellulose. It exists as a white to grayish-white, hygroscopic powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Croscarmellose sodium swells with water. Indications for use Croscarmellose sodium is … Croscarmellose Sodium
Products Crospovidone (polyvinylpolypyrrolidone) is found in many drugs as an excipient, especially in tablets. Not to be confused with copovidone. Structure and properties Crospovidone is a cross-linked homopolymer of 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one. It exists as a white to yellowish-white hygroscopic powder or as a leaflet and is practically insoluble in water. This is in contrast to the … Crospovidone
Products Carbomers are commercially available as eye drops and eye gels (tear substitutes). Furthermore, they are contained in many gels and other medicinal products as excipients. They are also used in medical devices and personal care products. Pure carbomers, such as the commonly used carbomer 980, are available from specialty retailers and pharmacies. Structure and … Carbomers
Definition and properties Tablets are solid dosage forms containing one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients (exception: placebos). They are intended to be taken by mouth. Tablets may be swallowed unchewed or chewed, dissolved in water or allowed to disintegrate before use, or retained in the oral cavity, depending on the galenic form. The Latin term … Tablets
Products Iron oxides and hydroxides are available as pure substances in specialized shops. Structure and properties Various iron oxides and hydroxides exist that are used as dyes. They exist as powders that are insoluble in water: Iron oxide red: Fe2O3 Iron oxide yellow: FeO(OH)-H2O Iron oxide black: FeO-Fe2O3 The substances are produced synthetically. Fields of … Iron Oxides
Products Olive oil is available in grocery stores and specialty stores. The oil monographed in the pharmacopoeia is available in pharmacies and drugstores. Structure and properties Olive oil is a fatty oil obtained from the ripe stone fruits of the olive tree L. by cold pressing or by other suitable mechanical methods. The olive tree … Olive Oil
Products Inhalation anesthetics are commercially available as volatile liquids or as gases for inhalation. Structure and properties Most inhalation anesthetics are halogenated ethers or hydrocarbons. Also used are inorganic compounds such as the gaseous nitrous oxide. The halogenated representatives exist as volatile liquids with a different boiling point. Because of their odor and irritant properties, … Inhalation Anesthetics
Products and ingredients Inhalation solution B is not commercially available as a finished drug in many countries and must be prescribed by a physician as an extemporaneous prescription and prepared in a pharmacy. In practice, different manufacturing prescriptions are used with the pure substances or the solutions. Dospir and Ipramol have a similar composition, but … Inhalation Solution B
Products Injection preparations are approved as medicinal products. Structure and properties Injection preparations are sterile solutions, emulsions, or suspensions prepared by dissolving, emulsifying, or suspending the active ingredient and excipients in water or a suitable nonaqueous liquid (e.g., fatty oils). Compared with infusions, these are usually small volumes in the range of less than a … Injections
Products Numerous medicines are commercially available as film-coated tablets. Today, they are produced much more frequently than the classic coated tablets, which are characterized by a thicker layer with sugar. If tablets are newly registered, they are usually film-coated tablets. Structure and properties Film-coated tablets are tablets that are coated with a thin layer of … Film Tablets
Products Polysorbate 60 is used as an excipient in solid, liquid and semi-solid medicines. It is also used in personal care products. Structure and properties Polysorbate 60 is a mixture of partial esters of fatty acids, mainly stearic acid, with sorbitol and its anhydrides ethoxylated with about 20 moles of ethylene oxide for each mole … Polysorbate 60
