The joint space separates the joint surfaces. It contains synovial fluid that helps nourish, move, and protect the joints. When the joint space narrows or widens, there is a pathologic change in the joint. What is the joint space? Medicine distinguishes between unreal and real joints. In addition to cartilaginous bone joints, synchondroses and symphyses, … Joint Space: Structure, Function & Diseases
Products Birch sap is available in specialized stores. It can also be freshly “tapped” yourself. The juice is also called birch water. It is produced in Scandinavia, the Baltic States, Eastern Europe and Russia, among other places. Ingredients Birch sap is obtained exclusively in the spring by tapping the trunks of birch trees ( sp.). … Birch Sap
Humans have approximately 10,000 taste buds, each of which contains 50 to 100 taste cells that come into contact with the substrate to be tasted via tiny taste buds and then report their information to the central nervous system (CNS) via afferent nerve fibers. About 75% of the buds are integrated into the mucosa of … Taste Buds: Structure, Function & Diseases
Symptoms The possible acute symptoms of type 1 diabetes include: Thirst (polydipsia) and hunger (polyphagia). Increased urination (polyuria). Visual disturbances Weight loss Fatigue, exhaustion, declining performance. Poor wound healing, infectious diseases. Skin lesions, itching Acute complications: Hyperacidity (ketoacidosis), coma, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. The disease usually manifests in childhood or adolescence and is therefore also called … Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
Symptoms The possible acute symptoms of type 2 diabetes include: Thirst (polydipsia) and hunger (polyphagia). Increased urination (polyuria). Visual disturbances Weight loss Fatigue, exhaustion, declining performance. Poor wound healing, infectious diseases. Skin lesions, itching Acute complications: Hyperacidity (ketoacidosis), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. Untreated diabetes is far from harmless and can lead in the longer term to … Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Causes and Treatment
Products Medicinal mushrooms are commercially available, for example, in the form of capsules, tablets and as powders as dietary supplements or as individually prepared mixtures. Also used are the pure ingredients that are extracted, synthetically produced or semi-synthetically modified. These are usually registered as medicinal products. About mushrooms Fungi are a very diverse group of … Medicinal Mushrooms
Products Meldonium is on the market mainly in Eastern European countries and states of the former Soviet Union in the form of capsules and as an injectable, for example in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, and Latvia (Mildronate). However, it is not registered in many countries, in the EU and in the USA. Meldonium was developed in … Meldonium
Symptoms Fatigue is a physiological and subjective response of the organism to mental and physical exertion. It is undesirable when it occurs rapidly, frequently, and excessively. Fatigue manifests itself, among other things, in a lack of energy, exhaustion, weakness, listlessness, and reduced performance and motivation. It can also be accompanied by irritability. Fatigue occurs acutely … Fatigue
Adenosine monophosphate is a nucleotide that can be part of the energy carrier adenosine triphosphate (ATP). As a cyclic adenosine monophosphate, it also performs the function of a second messenger. Among other things, it is formed during the cleavage of ATP, which releases energy. What is adenosine monophosphate? Adenosine monophosphate (C10H14N5O7P) is a nucleotide and … Adenosine Monophosphate: Function & Diseases
Effects Smart drugs are pharmaceutical agents that (are intended to) improve the brain’s cognitive abilities: Promote concentration, alertness, attention and receptivity. Increase intelligence and the ability to think Improvement of the imagination Improving understanding and memory Increase creativity This is also referred to as or in English. The effects are based, among other things, on … Smart Drugs
Products Oxygen is commercially available in the form of compressed gas cylinders (oxygen cylinders) with a white color as a compressed gas. In many countries, it is available from PanGas, for example. Structure and properties Oxygen (symbol: O, elemental: O2, atomic number: 8, atomic mass: 15,999) is present as dioxygen (O2, O=O) as a colorless, … Oxygen
Products Saxagliptin is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Onglyza). It was approved in many countries after sitagliptin (Januvia) and vildagliptin (Galvus) as the 3rd active ingredient from the gliptins group in February 2010. Since 2012, two additional combination products with metformin have been registered (Duoglyze, Kombiglyze XR). Kombiglyze XR entered the market … Saxagliptin
