Sperm competition is the term used when sperm fight for an egg. For example, each ejaculation of a man’s sperm contains millions of sperm, with only one egg ready for fertilization, and the fastest, most vital, and most motile sperm decides fertilization in its favor. What is sperm competition? Sperm competition corresponds to the competitive … Sperm Competition: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Interferons are tissue hormones composed of relatively short-chain polypeptides, proteins, or glycoproteins. Together with interleukins and other groups of substances, they belong to the cytokines that initiate and control the immune responses of the immune system. Interferons are produced mainly by cells of the immune system, but also by fibroblasts, and primarily control antiviral and … Interferons: Function & Diseases
Products Follitropin alfa is commercially available as an injectable. It has been approved in many countries since 1995. Biosimilars are approved in some countries (Switzerland: Ovaleap, 2018). Structure and properties Follitropin alfa is a follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) produced by biotechnological methods. It is a heterodimer and consists of two distinct glycoproteins, the α-subunit (92 amino … Follitropin Alfa
Products Follitropin beta is commercially available as a solution for injection (Puregon). It has been approved in many countries since 2001. Structure and properties Follitropin beta is a recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) produced by biotechnological methods. The amino acid sequence corresponds to human FSH. It differs from follitropin alfa in glycosylation. FSH is a … Follitropin Beta
Products The first therapeutic monoclonal antibody was approved in 1986. Muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3) binds to the CD3 receptor on T cells and has been used in transplantation medicine. Numerous drugs containing antibodies are now available. A selection of active substances can be found at the end of this article. These are expensive drugs. For example, … Monoclonal Antibodies
About half of all proteins in the human body are glycoproteins. The substances play a role as cell components as well as immune substances. They are formed primarily as part of what is known as N-glycosylation and can cause serious diseases if incorrectly assembled. What are glycoproteins? Glycoproteins are proteins with tree-like branched heteroglycan residues. … Glycoproteins: Function & Diseases
Products Urofollitropin is commercially available as an injectable (fostimone). It has been approved in many countries since 1996. Structure and properties Urofollitropin is a highly purified human follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) derived from the urine of postmenopausal women. FSH is a heterodimer and consists of two distinct glycoproteins, the α-subunit (92 amino acids) and the β-subunit … Urofollitropin
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition, or EMT, refers to the transformation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells. This transformation possesses great importance in embryonic development. However, this process also plays a key role in the development of metastases in carcinomas. What is epithelial-mesenchymal transition? Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a conversion of already differentiated epithelial cells into undifferentiated mesenchymal stem … Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition: Function, Role & Diseases
The sense of vibration is a perceptual quality of the sense of touch, which is realized by the Meissner and Vater Pacini corpuscles. The sense of vibration in humans plays a role not only for stimuli from the environment, but also for those from our own bodies. Peripheral nerve damage can interfere with the sense … Vobration Sense: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The central canal, or canalis centralis, is a tubular structure that runs through the spinal cord and extends into the medulla oblongata. Errors in embryonic development can result in neural tube defects; one example is anencephaly. In addition, tumors can form from the ependyma of the central canal. What is the central canal? The central … Central Canal: Structure, Function & Diseases
